不同氮肥用量对夏芝麻冠层结构、产量及品质的影响

Effects of nitrogen application rate on canopy architecture,yield and quality of summer sesame

为明确施氮量对芝麻冠层结构和产量的影响,以郑芝98N09为供试品种,采用大田随机区组设计,设置4个氮肥处理(0、60、120和180 kg·hm^(-2)),研究了不同施氮处理对夏芝麻冠层结构、产量及品质等的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,施用氮肥显著提高夏芝麻冠层平均叶倾角、叶面积指数和叶片SPAD值,降低冠层透光率,显著提高夏芝麻单株蒴数、单蒴粒数、千粒质量、子粒产量、蛋白质和粗脂肪含量,其中以120 kg·hm^(-2)氮肥处理的平均叶倾角,净光合速率、子粒产量及蛋白质含量最高,2018年和2019年子粒产量分别为1 616.5和1 405.8 kg·hm^(-2),显著高于CK和其他氮肥处理。本试验条件下,120 kg·hm^(-2)氮肥处理的夏芝麻冠层结构适宜,株型最佳,产量和品质指标最好。

In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen application rate on the canopy structure and yield of summer sesame,the field random block design was adopted by using the Zhengzhi 98N09 as the experiment material.In the field experiment,four nitrogen application rates treatments(CK,60,120 and 180 kg·hm^(-2))were employed to study the effect of different nitrogen applications on the summer sesame canopy structure,yield and quality traits.The results showed that,compared with the CK,the mean leaf angle,leaf area index and SPAD value of summer sesame increased significantly under nitrogen applications,while light transmission rate of canopy behaved oppositely.The capsules per plant,seeds per capsule,1000-seed weight,grain yield and protein content of summer sesame also increased by nitrogen application.The mean leaf angle,net photosynthetic rate,grain yield and protein content were highest at 120 kg·hm^(-2) nitrogen application rate treatment.The grain yield was 1616.5 and 1405.8 kg·hm^(-2) in 2018 and 2019 respectively,which were remarkable higher than CK and other treatments.Under the experimental conditions,the canopy structure,plant type,yield and quality indexes of summer sesame treated with 120 kg·hm^(-2) nitrogen fertilizer were the best.