全膝关节置换术对膝关节骨性关节炎患者肢体功能及并发症发生情况的影响

Effects of total knee arthroplasty on limb function and complications in patients with knee osteoarthritis

目的分析全膝关节置换术治疗膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)的临床效果。方法选取2018年2月至2020年2月本院收治的45例KOA患者,根据治疗方法的不同将其分为对照组(n=22)和观察组(n=23)。对照组给予单髁置换术,观察组给予全膝关节置换术。比较两组的围手术期指标、膝关节功能评分、生活质量评分和并发症发生情况。结果观察组的手术时间、术后下地时间及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1个月,两组的膝关节疼痛、稳定性及活动范围评分均较术前1 d升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1个月,两组患者的情绪功能、躯体功能、社会功能及总生活质量评分均较术前1 d升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1个月内,观察组的并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论与单髁置换术相比,全膝关节置换术可有效改善KOA患者的肢体功能,提升其生活质量,降低术后并发症发生风险。

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of total knee arthroplasty in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods Forty-five KOA patients treated in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were selected and divided into control group(n=22)and observation group(n=23)according to different treatment methods.The control group was given unicondylar joint replacement,and the observation group was given total knee arthroplasty.The perioperative indexes,knee function scores,quality of life scores and complications were compared between the two groups.Results The operation time,postoperative ambulation time and hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).One month after operation,the scores of pain,stability and motion range of knee in the two groups were higher than those at 1 d before operation,and those of the observation group were higher than the control group(P<0.05).One month after operation,the scores of emotional function,physical function,social function and total quality of life in the two groups were higher than those at 1 d before operation,and those of the observation group were higher than the control group(P<0.05).Within one month after operation,the total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with unicondylar joint replacement,total knee arthroplasty can effectively improve the limb function and quality of life of KOA patients,and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.