覆盆子抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性成分研究

Active components of antioxidation andα-glucosidase inhibitory from Rubi Fructus

目的研究华东覆盆子Rubus chingii干燥果实中抗氧化与抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱等多种色谱技术进行系统分离和纯化,利用1H-NMR、13C-NMR波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。采用DPPH自由基清除和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性评价方法,评估化合物的抗氧化及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结果从覆盆子70%乙醇提取物的30%乙醇洗脱部位中分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1)、1,2,6-三没食子酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(2)、1-没食子酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(3)、原花青素B3(4)、银锻苷(5)、hovetrichoside C(6)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7)、阿夫儿茶素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)、槲皮素(9)、methyl flavogallonate(10)、鞣花酸(11)、短叶苏木酚酸甲酯(12)、2,4,6-三羟基苯乙酮-6-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(13)、没食子酸甲酯(14)、阿魏酸(15)、3,4′-二羟基苯乙酮(16)。结论化合物10和13为首次从悬钩子属植物中分离得到。化合物1~4、9~12、14具有较好的抗氧化活性,化合物1、2、4、11具有较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,化合物1的抗氧化活性与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性最强。

Objective To investigate the active components which have antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of dry fruits from Rubus chingii. Methods The fraction was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, gel column chromatography. The structures of compounds were identified by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data. DPPH radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity evaluation methods were used to assess the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of compounds. Results Sixteen compounds were isolated from 30% ethanol elution site of the ethanolic extract from R. chingii. The structures of these compounds were identified by spectroscopic analysis as 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoside(1), 1,2,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoside(2), 1-O-glaloyl-β-D-glucoside(3), procyanidin B3(4), tiliroside(5), hovetrichoside C(6), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glueopyranoside(7), 7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(-)-afzelechin(8), quercetin(9), methyl flavogallonate(10), ellagic acid(11), methyl brevilolin-carboxylate(12), 2,4,6-trihydroxy-acetophenone-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(13), methyl gallate(14), ferulic acid(15), and 3,4′-dihydroxypropiophenone(16). Conclusion Compounds 10 and 13 are firstly isolated from the genus Rubus. Compounds 1-4, 9-12, and 14 have good antioxidant effects, compounds 1, 2, 4, and 11 have good inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase. Compound 1 has the best antioxidant activity and inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase.