国际刑事法院预审分庭授权调查的审查范围

Scope of Review Authorized by the Pre-Trial Chamber of the International Criminal Court

《罗马规约》第15条规定,检察官可以自行根据有关本法院管辖范围内的犯罪的资料开始调查。如果检察官认为有合理依据进行调查,应请求预审分庭授权调查。若预审分庭认为有合理根据进行调查,并认为案件显然属于本法院管辖范围内的案件,应授权开始调查。这里所提及的“合理根据”并非一种较低标准,而是应当包括对第53条第1款所涉及的所有事项的审查。具体而言,检察官在请求预审分庭授权启动自行调查之前,应当审查法院对相关情势中的潜在案件是否具有管辖权,是否可进行受理,相关案件的严重程度是否足以使法院采取进一步行动,以及是否有实质理由认为调查无助于实现公正利益。而预审分庭也应当在审查上述事项后决定是否授权检察官启动自行调查。

Under Article 15 of the Rome statute,The Prosecutor may initiate investigations proprio motu on the basis of information on crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court.If the Prosecutor concludes that there is a reasonable basis to proceed with an investigation,he or she shall submit to the Pre-Trial Chamber a request for authorization of an investigation.If the Pre-Trial Chamber,upon examination of the request and the supporting material,considers that there is a reasonable basis to proceed with an investigation,and that the case appears to fall within the jurisdiction of the Court,it shall authorize the commencement of the investigation.The“reasonable basis”referred to here was not a lower standard but should cover all the matters covered by article 53,paragraph 1.To be specific,before requesting authorization to investigate by the Pre-trial Chamber,the Prosecutor should examine whether the court has jurisdiction over potential cases in the relevant situations,whether they are admissible,whether the cases are serious enough to give rise to a further action by the Court,and whether there are substantial grounds for believing that the investigation does not serve the interests of justice.The Pre-trial Chamber shall also decide whether to authorize the Prosecutor to initiate its proprio motu investigation after reviewing the above matters.