汉语、日语传承汉字中古异读的差异性比较

Chinese and Japanese Smriti Difference of Alternative Pronunciations of the Middle Chinese

以中古音作为参照,我们可以对汉语和日语传承汉字中古异读的差异性进行比较。就同义异读而言,日语和汉语可能采取不同的又音取舍方向,这使得汉字的汉语读音和日语读音出现明显的对应差异;就异义异读而言,汉字的中古异读在汉语和日语中有可能保持,也有可能混并,不能保证一定是同步。而通过比较汉语、日语在读音取舍上的差异,可以帮助我们推测日语借用汉字的时代性与地域特色,也可以间接证明汉语读音的历史事实。

Taking middle Chinese as a reference,we can compare the alternative pronunciations’difference between Chinese and Japanese for both Japanese On’yomi and mandarin accent are based on middle Chinese pronunciation.However,modern Japanese and Chinese may have chosen different pronunciation from middle Chinese,these differences,presented as irregular writing-to-sound correspondences between the two languages.Also,when a character has different meanings in middle Chinese,its alternative pronunciations could be kept,or mixed,each way could cause that Chinese and Japanese are out of synch.Compare the different choosing between Chinese and Japanese,helps us speculate characters of the time and the region that how kanji was introduced in Japan.It could also help us understand the historical fact of middle Chinese pronunciation.