烟类生物质材料对土壤氮磷钾有效性的影响

Effects of Tobacco Biomass on Soil NPK Availability

为废弃的烟杆、烟叶寻求资源化利用途径,为生物炭配合生物质农用提供科学依据,探究了烟杆生物炭配施烟叶生物质的混合材料对土壤氮磷钾养分有效性的影响。在室内恒温条件下开展培养试验,共设4个处理,包括不施生物质材料照(CK)、100%烟杆生物炭(T1)、70%烟杆生物炭+30%烟叶生物质(T2)、30%烟杆生物炭+70%烟叶生物质(T3)。结果表明:添加烟杆生物炭和烟叶生物质混合材料能够显著提高土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量,T3处理对土壤铵态氮提升幅度最大,增幅为141.09%~161.21%;T2处理对土壤硝态氮提升幅度最大,增幅为207.52%~239.45%;培养期内,CK处理土壤有效磷、缓效钾和速效钾含量均显著低于T1,T2,T3处理,T1处理均显著高于T2,T3处理,培养结束后T1处理相较于对照土壤有效磷、缓效钾、速效钾增幅分别为257.76%~283.67%,209.30%~216.67%,450.00%~472.00%。添加烟杆生物炭和烟叶生物质混合材料可显著提高土壤有效氮磷钾素含量,不同配比效果不同,需根据生产实际选择适宜配比。

To find ways for resource utilization of abandoned tobacco stem and leaf,and to provide scientific basis for agricultural use of biochar and biomass,this paper explored the effects of tobacco stem biochar combined with tobacco biomass on soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient availability.The culture experiment was carried out under constant temperature in the laboratory.Four treatments were set up,including no application of biomass material(CK),100%tobacco stem biochar(T1),70%tobacco stem biochar+30%tobacco leaf biomass(T2),30%biochar+70%tobacco leaf biomass(T3).The results showed that:adding tobacco stem biochar and tobacco biomass mixed materials could significantly improve the content of soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen,T3 treatment had the largest increase of soil ammonium nitrogen,T2 treatment had the largest increase of soil nitrate nitrogen,and the increase rates were 141.09%-161.21%,207.52%-239.45%respectively;during the cultivation period,the content of soil available phosphorus,slow available potassium and available potassium in CK treatment were significantly higher than that in CK treatment compared with T1,T2 and T3 treatments,T1 treatment was significantly higher than T2 and T3 treatment.After the end of culture,the increase of available P,slowly available K and rapidly available K in T1 treatment was 257.76%-283.67%,209.30%-216.67%and 450.00%-472.00%respectively.Adding tobacco stem biochar and tobacco biomass mixture can significantly improve the content of soil available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.Different treatments have different effects,so the appropriate ratio should be selected according to the actual production.