中国实现碳达峰和碳中和目标的基础、挑战和政策路径

The basis,challenge and policy pathfor China to achieve the goal of e-mission peak and carbon neutrality

碳达峰和碳中和战略目标的提出是中国推进世界零碳排放进程、引领世界经济绿色复苏的核心战略,体现了中国的大国担当。中国碳达峰和碳中和目标的实现具有扎实的经济基础、社会基础、技术基础和政策基础,具有较高可行性。目前中国碳达峰和碳中和目标面临四个方面的挑战,即碳排放压力、能源结构转型压力、技术水平限制以及经济结构转型压力。为有效推进碳达峰和碳中和目标的实现,要以习近平总书记提出的“新发展理念”为引领,将碳达峰和碳中和目标与供给侧结构性改革有效结合起来,将能源结构优化升级和产业结构优化升级作为实现碳达峰和碳中和目标的核心任务,力求实现“双核升级”,同时通过技术支持、财政支持和绿色金融等支持性手段为“双核升级”提供多维度保障,最终实现碳达峰和碳中和目标。

The proposal of emission peak and carbon neutrality strategic objectives is China’s core strategy to promote the process of world zero carbon emission and lead the green recovery of the world economy,which reflects China’s responsibility as a major country.The realization of China’s emission peak and carbon neutrality goals has a solid economic,social,technicalfoundation,and is highly feasible.At present,China’s emission peak and carbon neutrality goals are facing four challenges,namely,carbon emission pressure,energy structure trans-formation pressure,technology level restriction and economic structure transformation pressure.In order to ef-fectively promote the realization of emission peak and carbon neutrality goals,we should take the new develop-ment concept put forward by general secretary Xi Jinping as the guide,and combine the emission peak and car-bon neutrality goals with the supply-side structural reform.We should take the energy structure optimization and upgrading andthe industrial structure optimization and upgrading as the core task of achieving emission peak and carbon neutrality goals,and strive to achieve“dual-core upgrading”,at the same time,provide multi-di-mensional guarantees for“dual-core upgrading”through technical support,financial support and green finance,and ultimately achieve emission peak and carbon neutrality goals.