CAR-T疗法在肿瘤临床治疗中的研究进展

The Research of CAR-T Therapy in Tumor Clinical Treatment

CAR-T(chimeric antigen receptor T cell)疗法是一种利用基因工程手段改造T细胞的新型癌症治疗手段.利用基因工程手段使T细胞拥有靶向肿瘤抗原的CAR结构,带有CAR结构的T细胞被过继回输到患者体内时,T细胞能靶向杀伤癌症细胞.目前CAR-T细胞治疗在血液瘤治疗中取得了一定的进展,但在实体瘤与其它复发难治的恶性肿瘤中进展缓慢,并且在应用过程中面临细胞因子释放综合症(cytokine release syndrome, CRS)、肿瘤裂解综合症(tumor lysis syndrome, TLS)和神经毒性综合征(immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, ICANS)等诸多挑战.结合近年来CAR-T治疗的临床案例,综述了CAR-T在临床应用中的发展和挑战及其应用前景.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell(CAR-T) therapy is a new cancer treatment that transforms T cells through genetic engineering methods.This modified T cell possesses a CAR structure that targets tumor antigens.This structure allows T cells to specifically kill tumor cells when they are adopted and infused back into the patient’s body.At present, CAR-T cell therapy has made certain progress in the treatment of hematoma, but it has been slow in solid tumors and other relapsed and refractory malignant tumors, and faces many challenges in the application process such as cytokine release syndrome(CRS),tumor lysis syndrome(TLS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome(ICANS).This article combines the clinical cases of CAR-T treatment in recent years, and summarizes the development and challenges of CAR-T in clinical application and application prospects.