合成气经含氧化合物中间体一步法制芳烃研究进展

Recent advance in directing synthesis of aromatic hydrocarbon from syngas via oxygenated compound intermediates

相比于合成气(CO/H_(2))经甲醇制芳烃的路线,合成气一步法制芳烃(STA)具有路线短、设备投资低等优势,是一条具有广阔应用前景的技术路线。本文首先简单陈述了合成气一步法制芳烃的基本过程,详细总结了合成气一步法制芳烃催化剂开发的进展。重点讨论了金属氧化物组成、双金属配比、晶型晶粒尺寸、氧化物与分子筛的配比以及分子筛的酸性、扩散性等物化性质对反应性能的影响规律。然后归纳了反应温度、反应压力、反应空速等反应工艺条件对反应性能的影响规律。接着总结了双功能催化剂上含氧中间体的形态及其形成机理,同时阐述了催化剂的失活研究以及抑制CO_(2)选择性的方法。最后分析了合成气一步法制芳烃存在的问题和面临的挑战,指出高性能催化剂的开发是今后的主要研究方向。

Compared with the syngas to aromatics through methanol route,the one-step syngas to aromatics(namely STA)is a very promising non-petroleum base route,because of its advantages of low cost and short process.In this paper,the research progresses in the development of bi-functional catalyst for the one-step synthesis of aromatics were reviewed.Firstly,the process of one-step conversion of syngas to aromatic was introduced,with the focus on the preparing methods of various catalysts used.The impacts of the physical and chemical properties of metal oxide and zeolite on the catalytic behavior were summarized,including the composition of metal oxides,ratio of two metals,crystal morphology,crystal size,ratio of metal oxides to zeolite,and acidity and diffusivity of zeolite.Furthermore,it introduced the forms and formation mechanisms of different intermediates on bifunctional catalyst.Finally,this paper reviewed current issues and challenges on one-step conversion of syngas to aromatic,and pointed out that the development of high-performance catalyst is the main research direction in the future.