自具微孔聚合物PIM-1膜在气体分离领域的研究进展

Progress in the membranes of polymers of intrinsic micro-porosity PIM-1 for gas separation

PIM-1由自身扭曲且刚性的单体组成,具有比表面积高、热稳定性好和结构简单等优点,是最具代表性的一种自具微孔聚合物。与传统有机聚合物膜相比,PIM-1膜可表现出极高的气体渗透性,在气体分离领域展现出巨大的研究价值与应用潜力。因此概括并总结PIM-1膜在气体分离领域的研究进展,同时梳理制约PIM-1膜的发展的关键问题及解决策略十分有必要。本文首先概述了气体分离膜的性能指标及气体在膜内的传递模型,重点总结了近二十年来PIM-1膜在气体分离中的主要研究进展,包括纯PIM-1膜、改性PIM-1膜和PIM-1混合基质膜的设计制备及气体分离性能,并分析了不同改性方法和制膜策略对膜气体分离性能的影响以及膜内结构与性能之间的关系。最后,文章对PIM-1膜在实现工业应用前亟待解决的问题以及未来的研究重点进行了总结和展望,如继续致力于PIM-1膜对气体的渗透选择性提高,同时加强膜稳定性与超薄化的研究。

PIM-1(polymers of intrinsic micro-porosity)constructed by rigid and contorted component monomers has the characteristics of high surface area,good thermal stability and solvent treatability and is one of the most studied polymers of intrinsic micro-porosity.When compared with traditional polymer membrane,PIM-1 has extremely high gas permeability for molecules,making PIM-1 membrane a promising research value and application prospect in the field of gas separation.Therefore,it is necessary to summarize the current research progress and discuss the key problems restricting the development of PIM-1 membrane and their solutions.In this review,the performance index of gas separation membrane and the gas transfer model in the membrane were summarized firstly,and the main research progress of PIM-1 membrane of gas separation in the past two decades was summarized emphatically,including the progress in pure PIM-1 membrane and modified PIM-1 membranes and PIM-1 mixed matrix membranes.Simultaneously,the influence of diverse modification techniques on PIM-1 and the structure-property relationship was analyzed.Finally,the future research focus of PIM-1 membrane and the problems that needed to be solved before realizing industrial application was intensively discussed,such as to study on improving the permselectivity of PIM-1 membranes and strengthening the membrane stability and thinness.