基于硫酸根自由基的先进氧化活化方法及其在有机污染物降解上的应用

Activation Methods of Advanced Oxidation Processes Based on Sulfate Radical and Their Applications in The Degradation of Organic Pollutants

基于硫酸根自由基(SO_(4)^(·-))的先进(高级)氧化法(AOPs)因其对新型有机污染物的高降解能力和高适应性而受到越来越多的关注。相比羟基自由基(·OH),SO_(4)^(·-)的选择性更好、还原电位更高、半衰期更长、pH范围更宽且成本更低,因而能更有效的降解污染物。SO_(4)^(·-)可由过一硫酸盐(PMS)或过二硫酸盐(PDS)等过硫酸盐(PS)通过热、机械化学、过渡金属、碳质材料、碱、紫外(UV)或电化学等方法活化产生。本文分析了不同活化方法的优缺点及其应用于有机污染物降解上的研究进展,总结了SO_(4)^(·-)降解含不同官能团污染物的三种机理(加成作用、夺氢作用和直接电子转移),并综述了SO_(4)^(·-)降解持久性有机污染物(POPs)、"伪持久性有机污染物"——药物和个人护理品(PPCPs)及有机染料三大类有机污染物的降解途径、降解产物及其研究进展,最后展望了该技术未来的研究方向。

Advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) based on sulfate radical(SO_(4)^(·-)) have attracted more and more attention due to their high degradation ability and adaptability to new types of organic pollutants. Compared with hydroxyl radical(·OH), SO_(4)^(·-) has better selectivity, higher reduction potential, longer half-life, wider pH range and lower cost, so it can degrade pollutants more effectively. SO_(4)^(·-) can be produced by persulfate(PS) such as peroxymonosulfate(PMS), peroxydisulfate(PDS), etc. which are activated by thermal, mechanochemical, transition metal, carbonaceous materials, alkali, ultraviolet(UV), electrochemical methods, etc. Advantages and disadvantages of different activation methods and the research progress of their applications in the degradation of organic pollutants are analyzed. Three degradation mechanisms(addition, hydrogen abstraction and direct electron transfer) of pollutants with different functional groups by SO_(4)^(·-) are summarized. The degradation pathways, degradation products, and research progress of persistent organic pollutants(POPs), "pseudo-persistent organic pollutants", i.e. pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs), and organic dyes by SO_(4)^(·-) are reviewed. Moreover, future research directions of this technique are prospected.