自漂浮静电纺纳米纤维膜的制备与海水淡化性能研究

Preparation and Desalination Performance of Electrospinning Nanofiber Membrane with Self-floating

利用低密度的聚苯乙烯(PS)和高稳定性的聚丙烯腈(PAN)负载单壁碳纳米管采用静电纺丝的方法,制备了具有自漂浮性能的纳米纤维膜,并用于海水性能评价。经过傅里叶红外变换光谱、扫描电镜、热稳定性能以及模拟海水蒸发性能测试,结果表明,随着碳纳米管含量的增加,纳米纤维膜的海水淡化效率先增大后降低。其中光热蒸发实验表明,在经过约150 h的蒸发后,含质量分数为0.75%的模拟海水淡化膜蒸发量为537.9 g,平均蒸发效率可达1003.1 g·m^(-2)·h^(-1),远高于纯聚苯乙烯膜。

Self-floating nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning using low density polystyrene(PS)and high stability polyacrylonitrile(PAN)supported single-walled carbon nanotubes,and which was used to evaluate the performance of seawater.The results show that the desalination efficiency of the nanofiber membrane increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of the content of carbon nanotubes.Among them,the photothermal evaporation experiment showed that after about 150 h of evaporation,the evaporation capacity of the simulated seawater desalination membrane containing 0.75%mass fraction was 537.9 g,and the average evaporation efficiency reached 1003.1 g·m^(-2)·h^(-1),which was much higher than that of the pure polystyrene membrane.