JMJD1A在表观遗传学中的生物学功能研究进展

Research Progress of Biological Functions of JMJD1A in Epigenetics

Jumonji结构域的蛋白(JMJD)对组蛋白的修饰作用是表观遗传学的主要调控机制之一。细胞的组蛋白在JMJD1A的作用下脱去甲基,呈现出低甲基化,促进了细胞基因的表达;高甲基化的细胞则与之相反,细胞基因的表达受到抑制。JMJD1A具有广泛的生物学功能,在维持胚胎干细胞及早期胚胎的生物活性、细胞分化、缺氧调控、精子的发生与成熟、癌细胞的分裂增殖、性别调控、同型二聚体形成、相关过氧化物酶体及热生成的调控等方面发挥重要作用。JMJD1A是一种基因表达调节因子,通过催化组蛋白H3赖氨酸9的特定位点使其去甲基化,继而引发细胞中基因表达发生表观遗传学改变。

The modification effect of Jumonji domain-containing protein(JMJD)on histones is one of the main regulatory mechanisms of epigenetics.Under the action of JMJD1A,cell histones are demethylated,showing hypomethylation,which promotes the expression of cellular genes;on the contrary,in hypermethylated cells,the expression of cellular genes is inhibited.JMJD1A has a wide range of biological functions,playing important roles in maintaining the biological activity of embryonic stem cells and early embryos,cell differentiation,regulation of hypoxia,spermatogenesis and maturation,division and proliferation of cancer cells,gender regulation,homodimer formation,and the related peroxisomes and thermogenesis.JMJD1A is a gene expression regulator that catalyzes the demethylation of specific sites of histone H3 lysine 9,which in turn triggers epigenetic changes in gene expression in cells.