福建长乐吴航古城历史人居环境营建智慧探析

Study on construction of historic human settlements of the ancient city Wuhang in Changle,Fujian Province

面对当前经济快速发展所带来的城市特色缺失等问题,揭示中国城市规划的优秀传统具有现代意义。以明清时期福建长乐吴航古城为例,基于历史文献和地方史料的挖掘,并结合实地调研,分析长乐地区水陆变迁、山水环境要素及城市形态演进等内容,从城市选址、山水格局构建、标志建筑设立、人文空间塑造等方面总结了吴航古城人居环境营建方法。结合吴航古城发展所面临的城市文化传承问题,从保护规划编制、新城山水格局塑造、城市记忆延续等方面提出历史营建智慧现代传承的相关途径,以期为长乐山海城市特色的营造提供新思路。

In the face of the lack of urban characteristics and other problems brought about by the current rapid economic development,it is of modern significance to reveal the excellent tradition of Chinese urban planning.The ancient city in Changle,Fujian Province,Wuhang,was taken as the research object for its characteristics during the Ming and Qing dynasties.Based on the excavation of historical documents and local historical materials,and combined with field research,analysis was made of the water-to-land transition,elements of landscape environment and evolution of urban forms in Changle area.The construction methods of the human settlements in Wuhang were summarized from the aspects of city site selection,landscape pattern construction,landmark building establishment,cultural space shaping and other aspects.Combined with the problem of urban culture inheritance faced by the development of Wuhang,relevant ways of the modern inheritance of historical construction wisdom were put forward from the aspects of protecting the planning,shaping the landscape pattern of the new city,and continuing the city’s memory in order to provide new ideas for the creation of Changle as a city characterized with mountains and sea.