性别差异视角下大学生职业选择及其影响因素--基于福州市高校2020届毕业生的调查

College students’career choice and its influencing factors from the perspective of gender differences:based on the survey of fresh graduates in 2020 Fuzhou

对福州市高校2020届毕业生进行问卷调查,运用Logistic回归模型对436份样本数据进行分析,研究发现:男大学生更倾向于选择专业技术型和管理职能型职业,女大学生则更青睐安全稳定型和管理职能型职业,自主创业尚未成为大学生的重要选择;大学生都倾向于在一、二线大城市或生源地就业,且其期望薪酬普遍高于社会供给水平;个人特质与社会文化对不同性别大学生职业选择均没有显著影响,所学专业、职业效能感、个体人力资本、职业薪酬福利和家庭期待对大学生职业选择具有显著影响,但其影响场合、影响方向和影响效应在性别上表现出明显差异,凸显了对不同性别大学生开展差别化择业引导的重要性。

The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the sample data by the questionnaire survey of 436 fresh college graduates in 2020 in Fuzhou.Results show that male college students are more inclined to choose professional technology-based and management-functional type occupations,while female ones prefer secure,stable and management-functional type occupations;self-employment has not yet become an important choice for college students.College students of different genders tend to be employed in the first and second tier cities or birth cities,and their expected salary is generally higher than the social supply level.Personal characteristics and social culture have no significant influence on the career choice of college graduates.The major,career efficacy,individual human capital,occupational compensation&benefits and family expectation have significant influence on their career choice.However,the influence situation,direction and effect are obviously different between different genders,which highlights the importance of career choice education for college students of different genders.