稻壳磷建筑石膏复合材料功能性研究

Functional Study on Rice Husk Phosphorous Building Gypsum

本试验对预处理前后稻壳制成的稻壳磷建筑石膏功能性进行研究。将稻壳经洁净水、饱和石灰水、2%的NaOH溶液预处理后,探究稻壳磷建筑石膏的表观密度、力学性能、导热系数和吸声系数,并通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析稻壳预处理前后官能团变化及稻壳横断面的微观形貌。结果表明,经洁净水、饱和石灰水处理的稻壳磷建筑石膏力学强度较未处理的复合材料有显著提升,经2%NaOH溶液处理的稻壳磷建筑石膏力学强度略下降;稻壳横断面处由众多孔道有序排列而成,且稻壳本身半封闭的空腔结构可有效阻挡热量传导,因而稻壳在保温隔热方面具有良好前景;1/3倍频程频谱分析的吸声结果表明,稻壳磷建筑石膏的吸声系数与稻壳的掺量、微孔结构及声波频率密切相关。

In this paper,the function of rice husk phosphorous building gypsum made from rice husk before and after pretreatment was studied.The rice husks were pretreated with clean water,saturated lime water and 2%NaOH solution,the apparent density,mechanical properties,thermal conductivity and sound absorption coefficient of the rice husk phosphorous building gypsum were investigated.FTIR and SEM were used to analyze the changes of functional groups before and after the pretreatment as well as the microstructure of the cross section of the rice husk.The results showed that,the mechanical strength of the rice husk phosphorous building gypsum treated with clean water and saturated limestone water was significantly improved compared with that of the untreated composite material,while the mechanical strength of the rice husk phosphorous building gypsum treated with 2%NaOH solution was slightly decreased.The cross section of rice husk is orderly arranged by many holes,and the semi-closed cavity structure of rice husk can effectively block heat conduction,so rice husk has a good prospect in heat preservation and insulation.The sound absorption coefficient of rice husk phosphorous building gypsum is closely related to the content of rice husk and the frequency of sound wave.