沿坝地区6种典型林分类型生态效益综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of ecological benefits of six typical stand types along the Dam Area

研究对象为木兰林场内6种典型林分类型(Ⅰ-杨树白桦混交林,Ⅱ-油松落叶松混交林,Ⅲ-油松纯林,Ⅳ-白桦纯林,Ⅴ-落叶松白桦混交林,Ⅵ落叶松纯林),基于野外调查和室内试验,采用层次分析法(AHP),从乔木层、灌木层、草本层、枯落物层、土壤层等5方面建立生态效益评价指标体系,之后运用熵权法对各林分类型生态效益进行综合评价,以期为森林抚育等工作提供参考依据。在不同林分类型中,油松落叶松混交林乔木层的生长最好;灌木层物种多样性最高的为落叶松纯林;白桦纯林草本层生物多样性最高;落叶松纯林枯落物层有效拦蓄量最大为(23.42t/hm^(2));落叶松纯林土壤层最大持水量最大为434.89g/kg;水解氮含量排序为Ⅴ>Ⅵ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ;油松纯林有效磷含量最大,为18.58mg/kg;杨树白桦混交林速效钾含量最大。6种林分类型生态效益排序为落叶松纯林>落叶松白桦混交林>油松落叶松混交林>杨树白桦混交林>白桦纯林>油松纯林。

The study object for 6 kinds of typical forest types in Mulan forest farm,based on field investigation and indoor test,Uses the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),from the tree layer,shrub layer and herb layer,litter layer and soil layer 5 aspects such as establishing ecological benefit evaluation index system,using the entropy weight method to the comprehensive evaluation of ecological benefits of forest types so as to provide reference for the forest tending of work after the basis.Among different stand types,the mixed The mixed forest of Larix principis-rupprechti and Pinus tabulae forest had the best growth of tree layer.The species diversity in shrub layer was highest in the pure forest of Larix principis-rupprechti.The highest biodiversity was found in the native layer of the pure forest of Pobulus davidiana.The maximum effective retention amount of litters in the pure forest of Larix principis-rupprechti was 23.42 t/hm^(2).The maximum soil water holding capacity of pure larch forest was 434.89 g/kg. Hydrolysis nitrogen sorting for Ⅴ>Ⅵ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ;The maximum available Pcontent in pure The pure forest of Pinus tabulae was 18.58 mg/kg.The content of available potassium was the highest in the mixed forest of Pobulus davidiana and Betula platyphylla.The ecological benefit of the six stand types was the pure forest of Larix principis-rupprechti>the mixed forest of Larix principis-rupprechti and Betula platyphylla>the mixed forest of Larix principis-rupprechti and Pinus tabulae>the mixed forest of Pobulus davidiana and Betula platyphylla>the pure forest of Pobulus davidiana>the pure forest of Pinus tabulae.