2016-2018年某康复疗养中心医院感染情况分析

目的了解医院感染和常见病原菌分布情况,为提高感染管理水平提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2016—2018年某康复疗养中心住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查,分析发生感染科室、部位及病原菌的分布情况。结果共调查19578例出院患者,发生医院感染262例,医院感染率1.34%。根据感染部位统计,共发生感染281例次,感染例次率1.44%。3年间感染率和感染例次率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染率前3位的科室分别为神经外科、ICU及老年病科;感染前3位的部位分别是上呼吸道、下呼吸道及泌尿系统;感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌和白色念珠菌为主,革兰阴性菌主要为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌。结论医院感染现患率调查可发现医院感染分布情况,有利于加强重点科室、重点部位及重要病原菌的感染控制。

Objective To understand the distribution of nosocomial infection and common pathogenic bacteria,and to provide reference for improving the level of infection management.Methods The incidence rates of nosocomial infection among hospitalized patients in a rehabilitation and recuperation center from 2016 to 2018 were investigated retrospectively,and the distribution of infection departments,locations and pathogens was analyzed.Results A total of 19578 discharged patients were investigated,262 of whom had nosocomial infection,the nosocomial infection rate was 1.34%.According to the infection site statistics,a total of 281 cases of infection occurred,the rate of infection cases was 1.44%.There was significant difference in infection rate and case rate between 3 years(P<0.05).The departments of the top three infection rates were neurosurgery,ICU and geriatrics.The top three infection sites were upper respiratory tract,lower respiratory tract and urinary system.Gram-negative bacteria and Candida albicans were the main pathogens,and gram-negative bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Conclusion The investigation of nosocomial infection rate can reveal the distribution of nosocomial infection,which is beneficial to strengthen the infection control of key departments,key parts and important pathogenic bacteria.