道路雨水口泄流量试验研究

Experiment on Intercepted Flow Rate of Street Storm Sewer Inlets

雨水口是路面径流进入地下排水管道的入口,是市政排水系统的关键组成部分。针对雨水口的泄流性能,搭建了比例为1∶1的模型装置(长12 m、宽3 m),开展连续坡度道路上的国标偏沟式雨水口泄流试验,分析了道路的横纵坡度(纵坡坡度为0.5%~5%、横坡坡度为1%~2%)和径流量(0~70 m^(3)/h)对径流流态和雨水口泄流量的影响。结果表明,道路横坡坡度增大时,能同时增加雨水口的前缘泄流量和侧边泄流量,雨水口泄流量随之增大,但当横坡坡度>1.5%时,泄流量的增大幅度变小;而道路纵坡坡度只改变径流流速大小,不改变径流方向,对径流宽度和泄流量的影响相比道路横坡坡度要小;各工况下雨水口的实测泄流量均小于设计泄流量,仅当降雨量较小、路面径流量<10 m^(3)/h时,雨水口的实际泄流量曲线才符合理想泄流直线关系。

The street storm sewer inlet is the entrance of the road runoff into the underground drainage pipe and is a key component of the municipal drainage system. A 1 ∶1 model device(length of 12 m and width of 3 m) was constructed to investigate the performance of the street storm sewer inlet. The effects of cross slope(1%-2%), longitudinal slope(0.5%-5%), and runoff flow rate(0-70 m^(3)/h) on the flow patterns and intercepted flow rate were analyzed by the national standard deviated gully drainage test in a road with a continuous slope. The increase of the cross slope increased both the side and front intercepted flow rates of the storm sewer inlet, so the discharge flow rate of the storm sewer inlet increased accordingly. However, when the cross slope was larger than 1.5%, the increase of the intercepted flow rate became smaller. The longitudinal slope of the road only changed the velocity of the runoff without altering the direction of the runoff, and its influence on the width of the runoff and discharge flow rate was smaller than that of the cross slope of the road. The actual measured intercepted flow rate was less than the designed discharge flow rate. The actual intercepted flow rate curve of the storm sewer inlet was in line with the ideal intercepted flow rate line only when the rainfall was small and the road runoff was less than 10 m^(3)/h.