幼儿园小班自主游戏中低结构材料应用现状调查报告--以广汉市城区幼儿园为例

An Interview Study on the Application of Low Structure Materials in Small Class Autonomous Games in Kindergarten--Take X Kindergarten in Guanghan City as an Example

本研究通过对广汉市城区幼儿园小班教师进行访谈,调查了幼儿园小班自主游戏中低结构材料应用的现状,分析其存在的问题并提出建议。结果发现,应用现状为:第一,低结构材料来源主要为吸管、树叶等;第二,低结构材料投放时间集中在区域活动中;第三,低结构材料操作方式多为教师指导。经分析发现存在以下问题:低结构材料库建设不足、材料投放忽视幼儿学习特点、材料使用时间少且教师干预过多。基于问题,本研究给出如下建议:(1)游戏前教师应该对小班幼儿细心观察且准备好充足的低结构游戏材料;(2)游戏中教师应根据幼儿不同需要进行分层指导,包括:注重游戏投放的时间适宜性、年龄阶段性、材料功能性;保证幼儿对材料有充分的操作时间;幼儿操作时教师减少干预以发挥儿童自主性。

This study interviews 12 small class teachers in Guanghan City,examined the current situation of low-structure materials in independent games,analyzed the problems and put forward suggestions.The results found that the current situation of kindergarten teachers in teaching children of low structured materials in independent games is:first,low structural materials are mainly straw,leaves;second,low structural materials delivery time is concentrated in regional activities;third,the operation of low structural materials is mostly guided by teachers.The analysis found that small kindergarten teachers guide the application of low structure materials in children's independent games:low knot The construction of construction material storehouse is insufficient,the material delivery neglects the children's learning characteristics,the material use time is less,and the teacher interferes too much.Based on the problems,this study gives the following suggestions:(1)teachers should carefully observe and prepare sufficient low structure game materials for small class children before playing;(2)teachers should give stratified guidance according to children's different needs in games,including:pay attention to the time suitability,age stage,material function;ensure children have sufficient operating time for materials;teachers should reduce intervention to give full play to children's autonomy.