体内示踪技术在造血干细胞分化机制中的应用及研究进展

Application and Research Progress of Lineage Tracing in Differentiation Mechanism of Hematopoietic Stem Cells——Review

造血干细胞(HSC)位于造血系统层级的顶端,并具有分化为不同潜能造血祖细胞(HPC)和各系成熟造血细胞的能力。目前,对于造血干祖细胞在稳态与应激状态下如何分化形成完整造血系统的过程并不十分清楚。体内示踪技术通过标记并追踪单个细胞及其子代细胞的分化路径为HSC的研究提供了强大的技术体系。传统的谱系示踪主要基于影像技术,利用荧光染料及核酸类似物等实现细胞的标记和追踪。如今,多种新型示踪技术的产生以及DNA测序技术的联合使用在单细胞水平上为细胞状态、细胞命运以及细胞谱系的研究打开了新的视角。本文将对新型谱系示踪技术进行介绍和讨论,并对这些技术在造血系统谱系分化中的应用作一综述。

Hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)reside at the top of the hierarchy and have the ability to differentiate to variety of hematopoietic progenitor cells(HPCs)or mature hematopoietic cells in each system.At present,the procress of HSC and HPC differentiating to the complete hematopoietic system under physiological and stressed conditions is poorly understood.In vivo lineage tracing is a powerful technique that can mark the individual cells and identify the differentiation pathways of their daughter cells,it takes as a strong technical system to research HSC.Traditional lineage tracing studies mainly rely on imaging techniques with fluorescent dyes and nucleic acid analogs.Recently,newly cell tracing technologies have been invented,and the combination of clonal tracing and DN A-sequencing technologies have provided a new perspective on cell state,cell fate,and lineage commitment at the single cell level.In this review,these new tracing methods were introduce and discuss,and their advantages over traditional methods in the study of hematopoiesis were summarized briefly.