以家庭为中心提升老年慢病患者照护质量实践研究

Study on the practice and effect of family-centered management model to improve the quality of care for elderly patients with chronic diseases

目的:以哮喘为例,探讨以家庭为中心提升老年慢病患者依从性和生活质量的实践和效果。方法:选取某三甲医院2020年1月就诊老年哮喘患者152例,随机分为两组,对照组开展常规护理管理,研究组开展以家庭为中心的管理模式。比较两组严格遵医嘱治疗率、规范复诊率、非计划再入院率等指标,分析两组患者依从性、生活质量变化情况。结果:研究组严格遵医嘱治疗率、规范复诊率、正确使用药物率均高于对照组(P<0.05),非计划再入院率低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组疾病防治效果优于对照组(P<0.05),患者出院后2个月、6个月、12个月依从性均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组护理后生活质量评分均高于护理前,焦虑评分均低于治疗前,研究组护理后生活质量评分高于对照组(P<0.05),焦虑评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:以家庭为中心的管理模式下,老年哮喘患者依从性较高,疾病防治取得较好效果,患者生活质量明显提高。在人口老龄化日益突出的当下,该模式能有效提升老年照护的可及性和质量,有一定借鉴价值。

Objective:Taking asthma as an example,to explore the practice and effect of family-centered improvement of compliance and quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases.Methods:A total of 152 elderly asthma patients in a Grade Ⅲ hospital in January 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.The control group carried out routine nursing management,and the research group carried out a family-centered management model.Comparing the two groups’ strict compliance with doctor’s advice treatment rate,standardized follow-up consultation rate,unplanned readmission rate and other indicators,and analyzing the changes in patients’ compliance and quality of life in the two groups.Results:The rate of strict compliance with doctor’s orders,the rate of standardized follow-up visits,and the rate of correct drug use in the study group were all higher than those in the control group (P<0.05),and the rate of unplanned readmission was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05);In the control group (P<0.05),the compliance of patients at 2 months,6 months and 12 months after discharge was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05);the quality of life scores after nursing in both groups were higher than those before nursing.The scores were lower than before treatment,the quality of life score after nursing in the study group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05),and the anxiety score was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:Under the family-centered management model,elderly patients with asthma have higher compliance,better results have been achieved in disease prevention and treatment,and the quality of life of patients has been significantly improved.In the current era of increasingly prominent population aging,this model can effectively improve the accessibility and quality of elderly care,which has certain reference value.