手术室护士围手术期预防静脉血栓栓塞症知信行现状的调查与分析

Status of knowledge,attitude and practice of perioperative prevention of venous thromboembolism among Operating Room nurses:a survey and analysis study

目的调查并分析手术室护士围手术期预防静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)知信行现状,为预防VTE提供指导依据。方法采用方便抽样方法于2020年2—4月通过电子问卷向全国27个省、直辖市、自治区的2728名手术室护士进行调查。问卷包括基本信息调查表、VTE预防现状调查表和围手术期预防VTE知识、态度、行为调查表。共发放2728份问卷,有效回收2512份,有效回收率为92.08%。结果79.50%(1997/2512)的护士表示所在医院存在VTE相关防治体系,79.78%(2004/2512)的护士所在医院已具备术中预防VTE的相关培训;67.08%(1685/2512)的护士所在科室开展了VTE预防工作,59.95%(1506/2512)的护士所在科室具备充足的VTE预防设备。手术室护士围手术期预防VTE知信行问卷中知识维度得分为(16.18±4.26)分,态度维度得分为(45.64±4.95)分,行为维度得分为(78.69±16.36)分。不同学历、职称、职务、岗位和跟台手术情况护士的知识维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同职称、岗位和跟台手术情况护士的态度维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年龄、工作年限、学历、职称、职务护士的行为维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论管理者应重视手术室预防VTE的护理工作,手术室护士围手术期预防VTE的知信行情况中预防知识掌握不足,预防态度尚需提高,预防行为有待改善。

Objective To investigate and analyze status of knowledge,attitude and practice of perioperative prevention of venous thromboembolism(VTE)among Operating Room nurses,so as to provide guidance for VTE prevention.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 2728 Operating Room nurses from 27 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China were investigated with an electronic questionnaire from February to April 2020.The questionnaire included Basic Information Questionnaire,VTE Prevention Status Questionnaire and Perioperative VTE Prevention Knowledge,Attitude and Practice Questionnaire.A total of 2728 questionnaires were issued,and 2512 were effectively returned,with an effective recovery rate of 92.08%.Results 79.50%(1997/2512)of nurses said that their hospitals had VTE prevention and treatment system and 79.78%(2004/2512)of nurses said that their hospitals had relevant training on intraoperative VTE prevention.67.08%(1685/2512)of the nurses'departments had VTE prevention work and 59.95%(1506/2512)of the nurses'departments had adequate VTE prevention equipment.The knowledge score,attitude score and behavior score of perioperative VTE prevention questionnaire of Operating Room nurses were(16.18±4.26),(45.64±4.95)and(78.69±16.36),respectively.There were statistically significant differences in scores of knowledge dimension of the questionnaire among nurses with different educational background,professional title,position,post and follow-up surgery conditions(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in scores of attitude dimension of the questionnaire among nurses with different professional titles,positions and follow-up surgery conditions(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in practice dimension scores of nurses with different ages,working years,educational background,professional title and position(P<0.05).Conclusions Managers should pay attention to the nursing work of preventing VTE in the Operating Room.The Operating Room nurses have insufficient knowledge about perioperative prevention of VTE prevention.Therefore,their prevention attitude needs to be improved and prevention behavior needs to be improved.