药代动力学/药效动力学在危重症患者抗生素治疗方案优化中的应用及研究进展

Application and research status of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics in the optimization of antibiotic treatment regimens for critically ill patients

危重症患者的高病死率是世界范围内重症监护医师面临的重大挑战,有效的抗生素治疗是挽救患者生命的关键因素.危重症患者病理生理学改变导致抗生素药代动力学(pharmacokinetics,PK)/药效动力学(pharmacodynamics,PD)发生改变,优化抗生素给药方案是重要的应对策略.本文对常见抗生素的PD特征、在危重症患者体内PK潜在改变,及PK/PD在危重症患者抗生素治疗方案优化中的应用研究进展进行了综述.

Effective antibiotic treatment of critically ill patients remains a significant challenge to intensivists world-wide with persisting high mortality and morbidity rates.Pathophysiological changes in critically ill patients lead to changes in the pharmacokinetics(PK)/pharmacodynamics(PD)of antibiotics.Optimizing the current antibiotic delivery regimen is an important strategy to cope with this problem.In this paper,we review the PD characteristics and the potential changes of PK of antibiotics in critically ill patients,and the application and research progress of PK/PD in the optimization of antibiotic treatment regimens for them.