紫玉米秸秆青贮饲料对热应激奶山羊能量利用、血浆代谢和抗氧化参数的影响

Effect of Purple Corn Stover Silage on Energy Utilization,Plasma Metabolites and Antioxidant Capacity Parameters of Heat-Stressed Dairy Goats

试验采用4×4拉丁方试验设计,选取8只体况良好的经产萨能奶山羊[体重(41.50±1.84)kg;平均数±标准差]随机分为4组,四种日粮处理分别为(粗饲料均占日粮干物质50%):粗饲料为稻草组(NC)、黏玉米秸秆青贮饲料组(PC1)、黏玉米秸秆青贮饲料+1 g/d商业紫玉米花青素提取物组(PC2)及紫玉米秸秆青贮饲料组(AR)。每期试验周期持续21 d,其中最后7 d为样品采集期。结果表明:1)羊舍平均温度、湿度与温湿指数分别为30.54℃、72.66%及82.28。2)黏玉米和紫玉米秸秆青贮饲料蛋白和能量价值参数差异均不显著(P>0.05)。3)NC组显示较低水平(P<0.05)的消化能、代谢能、总能表观消化能与总能利用率;AR组消化能利用率显著(P<0.05)高于其他组。4)NC组葡萄糖显著(P<0.05)低于PC2组和AR组;但尿素氮显著(P<0.05)高于其他组。5)PC2与AR组谷胱甘肽S-转移酶显著(P<0.05)高于NC和PC1组;PC2与AR组丙二醛显著(P<0.05)低于NC和PC1组。由此可见,紫玉米秸秆青贮饲料可提高热应激奶山羊的消化能利用率,改善能量利用;对血浆代谢参数无副作用影响,但可提升抗氧化参数,有缓解奶山羊热应激的潜力。

The experiment was conducted using eight healthy multiparous Saanen dairy goats(body weight,41.50±1.84 kg;mean±standard deviation)with a double 4×4 Latin square design.The four processings were as follows(the ratio of concentrate to roughage for all diets was 50∶50):roughage was rice straw(NC),sticky corn stover silage(SSS;PC1),PC1+1 g/d purple corn pigment(PSS;PC2),and anthocyanin-rich purple corn stover silage(AR),respectively.The processing period was 21 d(14-d adaptation to new diet;and 7 d sampling).The results showed that:1)the average temperature,humidity and temperature humidity index were 30.54℃,72.66%and 82.28,respectively.2)There was no significant difference(P>0.05)in the protein and energy value parameters between SSS and PSS.2)Compared with the other groups,NC group showed lower(P<0.05)levels of digestive energy(DE),metabolizable energy(ME),digestibility of gross energy,and availability of gross energy;and availability of DE in AR group was significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of the remaining groups.3)Goats receiving the NC tended to(P<0.05)reduce plasma glucose compared to PC2 and AR groups,while it would promote plasma urea nitrogen relative to other groups.4)The concentrations of glutathione S-transferase and malondialdehyde in PC2 and AR groups were significantly higher(P<0.05)and significantly lower(P<0.05)than that of the NC and PC1 groups,respectively.In was concluded that PSS had the potential to increase ME/DE,improving energy utilization;also,it had no side effects on plasma metabolites,which could enhance the antioxidant capacity parameters of heat stressed dairy goats to contribute to the alleviation of heat stress.