体外受精-胚胎移植孕妇孕期体力活动状况调查

Investigation on the physical activity of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer pregnant women during pregnancy

目的分析体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)孕妇孕期体力活动水平及影响因素,并针对性给予护理干预措施。方法选取2019年1月至12月在解放军陆军第七十三集团军医院产检的IVF-ET孕妇958例为调查对象,采用国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)评估不同孕期产妇的体力活动水平,单因素和多因素logistic回归分析影响孕期持续体力活动的危险因素,并针对相关因素进行护理干预。结果孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期3个阶段均约50%以上的孕妇处于低体力活动水平,高体力活动水平孕妇最少,均不达10%(P<0.001);多因素logistic回归分析显示,孕前体质量指数(BMI)>28.0 kg/m^(2)(OR=1.654,95%CI:1.087~2.514,P=0.019)、双胎(OR=1.835,95%CI:1.157~2.909,P=0.010)、移植次数≥3次(OR=1.783,95%CI:1.109~2.863,P=0.017)是造成孕妇低体力活动水平的独立危险因素,而孕妇(OR=0.548,95%CI:0.344~0.873,P=0.011)及其配偶文化水平(OR=0.620,95%CI:0.490~0.784,P=0.042)是其保护性因素。结论IVF-ET孕妇孕期体力活动水平普遍较低,其与孕前肥胖、妊娠胎数、移植次数、孕妇及其配偶文化水平有关,医护人员需加强孕期运动知识的培训和指导,并根据不同人群制定针对性的活动指导方案。

Objective To analyze the level of physical activity and influencing factors of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)pregnant women during pregnancy,and to provide targeted nursing intervention measures.Methods A total of 958 pregnant women with IVF-ET who had undergone maternity check-ups in 73rd Group Military Hospital of the People's Liberation Army of China from January to December 2019 were selected as the survey objects,and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ)was used to assess the level of physical activity of pregnant women in different pregnancy periods.Single-factor and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were used to analyze risk factors affecting continuous physical activity during pregnancy,and nursing interventions were taken for related factors.Results About 50% of pregnant women in the first trimester,second trimester,and third trimester were at low physical activity levels.Pregnant women with high physical activity level were the least,all of whom were less than 10%(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI)>28.0 kg/m^(2)(OR=1.654,95%CI:1.087-2.514,P=0.019),twins(OR=1.835,95%CI:1.157-2.909,P=0.010),and number of transplants≥3 times(OR=1.783,95%CI:1.109-2.863,P=0.017)were independent risk factors of pregnant women's low physical activity level,while the education levels of pregnant women(OR=0.548,95%CI:0.344-0.873,P=0.011)and their spouses(OR=0.620,95%CI:0.490-0.784,P=0.042)were protective factors.Conclusions IVF-ET pregnant women generally have low levels of physical activity during pregnancy,which are related to pre-pregnancy obesity,number of fetuses during pregnancy,number of transplants,and education levels of pregnant women and their spouses.Medical staff need to strengthen training and guidance on exercise knowledge during pregnancy,and develop targeted activity guidance programs according to different groups of people.