老年脑卒中患者衰弱与营养风险的相关性研究

Study on the relationship between weakness and nutritional risk in elderly stroke patients

目的分析老年脑卒中患者的衰弱状况和营养状况并探讨两者的相关性。方法采用方便抽样法选取2020年9月至2021年2月广州医科大学附属第一医院60岁以上的老年脑卒中患者80例,其中男43例、女37例,通过问卷调查法调查其一般资料、衰弱状况和营养状况。结果存在营养不良风险/营养不良的患者占66.3%(53/80),衰弱占51.3%(41/80);不同性别、是否患有高血压患者的营养状况比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同营养状况患者的小腿围、上臂围、血红蛋白、白蛋白比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同衰弱状况患者的小腿围、上臂围比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);由SNK检验我们可以更直观观察衰弱老年脑卒中患者的小腿围和上臂围从而得知患者的衰弱状况。营养风险和衰弱状态两组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.539,P<0.001),两者具有相关性(r=0.29)。结论老年脑卒中患者存在衰弱和营养不良的可能性较大,其衰弱与营养具有相关性,应尽早进行评估、饮食干预,改善机体情况,促进疾病康复。

Objective To analyze the weakness and nutritional status of elderly stroke patients and explore the correlation between them.Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select out 80 elderly stroke patients over 60 years old from September 2020 to February 2021 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,including 43 males and 37 females.Questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate their general information,weakness and nutritional status.Results The patients with malnutrition risk/malnutrition accounted for 66.3%(53/80),and the patients with weakness accounted for 51.3%(41/80).There were statistically significant differences in the nutritional status of patients with different genders and whether they had hypertension(both P<0.05),and there were statistically significant differences in the calf circumference,upper arm circumference,hemoglobin,and albumin in patients with different nutritional status(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the calf circumference and upper arm circumference of patients with different weakness conditions(all P<0.05),and SNK test showed that we could more intuitively observe the calf circumference and upper arm circumference of elderly stroke patients with weakness so as to know their weakness status.There were statistically significant differences in the nutritional risk and weakness status between the two groups(χ^(2)=32.539,P<0.001),and there was a correlation between them(r=0.29).Conclusions Elderly stroke patients are more likely to have weakness and malnutrition,and their weakness is related to nutritional status.It is necessary to carry out assessment and diet intervention as soon as possible to improve the body conditions and promote the rehabilitation of the disease.