社会科学本土化、再普遍化与中国的国际地位

Localization,Re-universalization of Social Sciences and China’s International Status

支撑国家国际地位的重要支柱是以经济、军事、科技等为核心内容的硬实力,以文化、价值等为核心内容的软实力,以及运用硬实力和软实力的能力。不过,这一切都离不开社会科学学说的智慧。也正因为中国的崛起是一种"制度性崛起",中国才能跳出"国强必霸"的历史周期律。社会科学知识分为本土性知识和普遍性知识,普遍化的社会科学知识即便有普遍性的关怀,却并不能解决所有差异性的实践问题。落后国家面临着社会科学本土化的问题。西学东渐的迅速推进,使中国知识界短期内无暇对西方社会科学学说进行反思,只能囫囵吞枣地接纳。但是,随着对西方认识的深入,中国知识界发现西方社会科学学说并非济世良方。这种反思正是"社会科学中国化"的缘起,首先反映在文化发展道路上,而后体现在学术和学科体系的构建上。不过,"社会科学中国化"只是社会科学研究的"中国故事"的上篇,下篇则是中国社会科学的再普遍化。前者不易且具有紧迫性和重要性;后者同样重要,而且更为艰难。

The important pillars supporting a country’s international status are hard power with economy,military,science and technology as the core content,soft power with culture and values as the core content,and the ability to use both hard and soft power.All this,however,depends on the wisdom of social science theory.It is precisely because China’s rise is a kind of"institutional rise"that China can break out of the historical law that"a strong country is bound to seek hegemony".Social science knowledge is divided into local knowledge and universal knowledge.Although universal social science knowledge has universal concern,it cannot solve all practical problems of difference.In view of this,developing countries are facing the problem of social science localization.The rapid advancement of Western learning in the East has left the Chinese intellectual community with no time to reflect on Western social science doctrines in the short term,but to accept them without understanding.However,as the understanding of the West deepened,Chinese intellectuals find that western social science theories are not a perfect way to help the world.This reflection is the origin of"Sinicization of social science",first reflected in the path of cultural development,and then in the construction of academic and disciplinary systems.However,"Sinicization of social science"is only the first part of the"Chinese stories"of social science research,and the second part is the re-universalization of Chinese social science.The former is not easy,but urgent and important;the latter is equally important and more difficult.