应合与变转:李维桢诗学旨义的二重面向

Echo and Transformation:The Dual Aspects of Li Weizhen’s Poetics Purpose

作为明代后七子的新生代成员,李维桢将汉魏、唐代以及明代诗歌树为承继《诗经》传统的三大高峰,显示对诗歌史的明晰勾画与定位,这与他的派别身份和同情七子派而凸显其在有明诗坛历史作用的立场相绾结。但这种诗歌史的勾勒,并不能完全代表李维桢面向不同历史时期诗歌品格所做的审察,包括涉及具体的宗尚目标,情形显得相对复杂,这彰显了他与七子派诸子诗学观念的共识与分异。同时,这种共识与分异又体现在他对于如何合理利用古典资源问题的诠释。除了维护学古习法的正当性或合理性外,又面对诸子从事的复古实践及其发生的负面影响,激发富于针对性和经验性的防范意识,突出了在利用古典资源关键问题上的自我认知。

As a member of the new generation of the Later Seven Scholars of the Ming Dynasty,Li Weizhen has established poetry in the Han and Wei Period,Tang dynasty and Ming dynasty as the three peaks of inheriting the tradition of Shih Ching,showing a clear outline and positioning of the history of poetry.This is related to his factional identity and his sympathy for the Seven Schools,which highlights its historical role in the poetry of the Ming Dynasty.However,this outline of the history of poetry could not fully represent Li Weizhen’s review of the poetic character in different historical periods,including the specific target of praise.The situation appears to be relatively complicated,which demonstrates the consensus and differentiation of poetic concepts between him and the Seven Scholars.At the same time,this consensus and differentiation reflects his interpretation of how to make rational use of classical resources.In addition to maintaining the legitimacy or rationality of learning ancient poetry and its composing method,he also aroused a pertinent and empirical awareness of prevention in the face of the retro practice of the Seven Schools and its negative impact,which highlighted the self-cognition on the key issues of using classical resources.