基于树突状细胞的疫苗递送研究进展

Advances in dendritic cell-based vaccine delivery

树突状细胞(dendritic cell, DC)是目前已知功能最强大的专职抗原递呈细胞(antigen presenting cell,APC),其在机体免疫反应的启动与调控中起着至关重要的作用。因此,基于DC的疫苗递送系统逐渐成为基础科研与临床治疗关注的热点。DC可以负载全细胞抗原、核酸、多肽、蛋白[新生抗原(neoantigen)]及纳米粒,进行抗原的加工递呈及体内靶向递送,以诱导机体产生特异性细胞免疫应答与体液免疫应答,用于肿瘤、微生物感染等多种疾病的预防与治疗。基于此技术制备的疫苗被称为DC疫苗,近年来DC疫苗研究取得了长足的进展,本文以DC特性、DC疫苗种类及其临床研究进展进行综述。

Dendritic cells(DCs) are the most powerful and professional antigen-presenting cells(APCs)known at present. They play vital roles in the initiation and regulation of immune responses in body. Therefore,DC-based vaccine delivery system has gradually become a hotspot of basic scientific research and clinical treatment.DCs can be loaded with whole-cell antigens, nucleic acids, peptides, proteins(such as neoantigens) and nanoparticles to induce specific cellular immune responses and humoral immune responses after antigen processing, presentation and targeting delivery in vivo for the prevention and treatment of various diseases including cancers and microorganism infections. Vaccine-based on this technique is called dendritic cell(DC) vaccines. Great process in DC vaccines has been achieved in recent years. Therefore, we reviewed the characteristics of DC, types of DC vaccines and their clinical research progress in this paper.