2018—2019年乌鲁木齐市发热呼吸道症候群病例临床及病原特征研究

Clinical and pathogenic characteristics of fever and respiratory syndrome in Urumqi from 2018 to 2019

目的:了解乌鲁木齐市发热呼吸道症候群的流行特征、临床特征及病原特征。方法:收集2018—2019年发热呼吸道症候群病例流行病学信息、临床信息及实验室检测结果进行描述性研究及统计学分析。结果:共收集485例发热呼吸道症候群病例,以发热(99.17%)、咳嗽(82.27%)、咳痰(41.65%)为主。肺炎病例占总病例数的56.29%。病毒总体阳性检出率45.77%。其中,呼吸道合胞病毒的阳性检出率最高(8.87%),其次为甲型流感病毒H1N1亚型(7.42%)、乙型流感病毒(4.95%)和腺病毒(4.95%)。冬春季发病的病原种类主要是流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒,副流感病毒1型、3型和鼻病毒夏秋季出现病例较多。结论:引起乌鲁木齐市发热呼吸道症候群病例的病原主要是呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒和腺病毒,冬春季需要做好流感和呼吸道合胞病毒的防控,夏秋季做好副流感病毒和鼻病毒的防控,同时做好发热呼吸道群中各种病毒和新冠病毒的鉴别诊断。

Objective To understand the epidemiological,clinical and pathogenic characteristics of febrile respiratory syndrome in Urumqi.Methods Epidemiological andclinical information and laboratory test result of febrile respiratory syndrome cases from 2018 to 2019 were collected for descriptive research and statistical analysis.Results A total of 485 cases of febrile respiratory syndrome were collected,mainly fever(99.17%),cough(82.27%),and expectoration(41.65%).Pneumonia cases accounted for 56.29%of the total number of cases.The overall rate of viral positivity was 45.77%.Among them,the positive detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus was the highest(8.87%),followed by influenza A virus H1N1 subtype(7.42%),influenza B virus(4.95%)and adenovirus(4.95%).The main pathogens that occurred in winter and spring were influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus,parainfluenza virus type 1,type 3 and rhinovirus disease in summer and autumn.Conclusions The pathogens that cause febrile respiratory syndrome cases in Urumqi are mainly respiratory syncytial virus,influenza virus and adenovirus.In winter and spring,prevention and control of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus is important,and in summer and autumn prevention and control of parainfluenza virus and rhinovirus infection is important.Control andcareful differential diagnosis of various viruses and novel coronaviruses in the cases with fever respiratory group are mandatory.