气体水合物生成过程强化方法研究现状

Research status of strengthening methods for gas hydrate formation process

气体水合物因其特殊的物理化学特性,已被气体分离、二氧化碳捕集与封存、海水淡化、气体储运等诸多领域学者广泛研究。但气体水合物生成条件较为苛刻、生成速率及储气能力较商业化应用还有较大差距。本工作从气体水合物生成条件、生成速率、储气能力等角度,分别综述了机械强化、外场作用、添加剂等强化方法对气体水合物生成过程的强化原理、技术特征及其研究现状;综合比较分析了各种强化方法的优势及存在的问题;展望了各强化方法的未来发展方向及其适用领域;特别是针对气体水合物法海水淡化的技术特征和关键问题,提出以外电场强化气体水合物法海水淡化过程的新思路。

Based on the special physical and chemical properties of hydrate,as a new technology,method of gas hydrate is widely used in many fields,such as desalination,solid state storage and transportation of natural gas,gas separation,carbon dioxide capture and storage,etc.But due to the harsh conditions of hydrate formation,its formation rate and gas storage capacity are still far behind that of commercial applications,so special technical means are needed to reduce hydrate formation conditions and strengthen hydrate formation rate and gas storage capacity.In this work,the research status of strengthening methods for hydrate formation process is reviewed from three aspects:mechanical strengthening,outfield action and additives,and the development of technology in the future is prospected.From the point of view of the strengthening method,the mechanical strengthening technology is relatively mature,but the energy consumption required by mechanical stirring and the heat energy generated by the stirring process are both large,and increase geometrically with the increase of the device.The most extensive research on the reinforcement of additives,the effect is relatively ideal,but the reinforcement method of additives will inevitably bring new pollution to the system or products,not conducive to the actual promotion and application.There are few studies on field reinforcement,which are still in the experimental and even theoretical stage,and there is still a large space for development and improvement.