大学生压力知觉与手机依赖的中介作用研究

Mediating effect of perceived stress on mobile phone dependence among college students

目的 探究社交焦虑和情绪调节自我效能感在大学生压力知觉与手机依赖间的中介效应,为大学生手机依赖干预提供一定的依据.方法 采用方便抽样法选取黑龙江省某三所大学的1000名大学生为被试对象,采用压力知觉量表、交往焦虑量表、情绪调节自我效能感量表、手机成瘾倾向量表,以班级为单位进行团体施测.采用SPSS 23.0和Process v3.3对中介效应进行检验.结果 共发放调查问卷1000份,回收有效数据963份,有效回收率96.3%.大学生压力知觉总分为(38.58±7.10)分,社交焦虑总分为(41.96±8.50)分,情绪调节自我效能感总分为(43.60±6.67)分,手机依赖总分为(38.93±10.83)分.相关分析发现,压力知觉、社交焦虑、情绪调节自我效能感和手机依赖两两之间均呈显著相关(P<0.01);链式中介效应检验表明,压力知觉可直接影响手机依赖(P<0.01),还通过社交焦虑和情绪调节自我效能感的链式中介效应、社交焦虑、情绪调节自我效能感3条间接路径影响手机依赖(均P<0.01).结论 社交焦虑和情绪调节自我效能感在压力知觉与大学生的手机依赖关系中起链式中介作用.在教育过程中可以通过缓解学生的压力知觉和社交焦虑情况,提高其情绪调节自我效能感,进而减轻学生的手机依赖状况.

Objective To explore the chain mediating effect of social anxiety and regulatory emotional self-efficacy between perceived stress and mobile phone addiction in college students,so as to provide some basis for intervention of mobile phone dependence of college students.Methods A total of 1000 college students from 3 universities in Heilongjiang Province were selected as subjects by convenience sampling method.The group test was carried out with the class as the unit by Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS),the Interaction Anxiousness Scale(IAS),the Regulatory Emotional Self-efficacy Scale(RES)and the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale(MPATS).SPSS 23.0 and process v3.3 were used to test the mediating effect.Results A total of 1000 questionnaires were sent out,and 963 valid data were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 96.3%.The total score of CPSS was(38.58±7.10),IAS(41.96±8.50),ERS(43.60±6.67),and MPATS(38.93±10.83).Correlation analysis found that perceived stress,social anxiety,regulatory emotional self-efficacy and mobile phone dependence were significantly correlated with each other(P<0.01).Chain mediating effect test found that perceived stress directly affected mobile phone dependence(P<0.01).At the same time,there are three indirect pathways:perceived stress affected mobile phone dependence through social anxiety and regulatory emotional self-efficacy(P<0.01);secondly,partly through social anxiety;thirdly,partly through the mediating effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy(P<0.01).Conclusions Social anxiety and regulatory emotional self-efficacy play a chain mediating role in the relationship between perceived stress and mobile phone dependence of college students.In the process of education,students'perceived stress and social anxiety can be alleviated,and their regulatory emotional self-efficacy can be improved,so as to reduce their dependence on mobile phones.