石油工程专业本科井控技术“应用型启发型教学”模式研究

井控技术是石油工程专业较为重要的基础学科。目前石油工程专业本科阶段、研究生阶段均有井控技术的学习课程。井控技术教材不完善、针对油田生产实用性不强,学生在课堂学习的积极性不高,无法达到油田用人单位的要求。经作者多年井控技术本科教学实践,探索提出了“应用型启发型教学”的具体操作方法,提出了“抛题、互动、演示、实例、启发”相结合的5步教学方法;针对教学过程中学生听讲感到枯燥的问题,提出井控技术5层递进问题法,从而吸引学生注意力,其中循序渐进的问题包括:主要问题、分支问题、即时回答问题、启发问题、课后思考问题5大类;综合油田用人单位的需求、井控技术等课程特点,提出了“问答、操作、笔试、发挥”的4重考核方法。经过4年教学实践,油田用人单位反馈效果良好。

Well control technology is an important basic discipline in petroleum engineering.At present,there are well control technology courses in undergraduate and graduate stages of petroleum engineering.The teaching materials of well control technology are not perfect,practicality for oilfield production is not strong,and students'enthusiasm for learning in class is not high,which can not meet the requirements of oilfield employers.After years of undergraduate teaching practice of well control technology,the author explores and puts forward the specific operation method of"application-oriented start-up teaching",and puts forward the 5-step teaching method of"throwing questions,interaction,demonstration,examples and inspiration";aiming at the boring problems of middle school students'listening in the teaching process,this paper puts forward the five-level progressive problem method of well control technology,so as to stimulate students'attention.The step-by-step problems include:"main problems,branch problems,after-school thinking problems,immediate answer problems and enlightening problems";based on the needs of oilfield employers and the characteristics of well control technology,the four-tier assessment method of"question and answer,operation,written examination and play"is put forward.After four years of teaching practice,the feedback effect of oilfield employers is good.