2010—2016年琼海市恶性肿瘤流行情况分析

Analysis for the prevalence of malignant tumors in Qionghai city from 2010 to 2016

目的分析2010—2016年琼海市肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤的流行情况,为琼海市的肿瘤防治策略和措施的制定提供科学依据。方法收集琼海市2010—2016年肿瘤登记处上报的肿瘤发病和死亡病例,计算恶性肿瘤的发病(死亡)粗率、中标率、世标率、年龄别发病(死亡)率、0~74岁累积率,中标率和世标率分别采用2000年中国标准人口年龄构成和Segi′s世界标准人口年龄构成为标准进行计算,并应用Joinpoint回归对不同年份的恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率进行趋势分析。结果琼海市2010—2016年共收集新发恶性肿瘤病例7119例,平均发病率为204.63/10万(中标率为155.16/10万,世标率151.34/10万),0~74岁累积率为17.26%,男性平均发病率232.97/10万(中标率172.64/10万,世标率178.95/10万),高于女性173.02/10万(中标率134.90/10万,世标率125.27/10万)。总人群发病前5位的恶性肿瘤依次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌和宫颈癌。2010—2016年共收集恶性肿瘤死亡病例4787例,平均死亡率为140.23/10万(中标率为102.70/10万,世标率101.18/10万),0~74岁累积率为11.69%,男性平均死亡率176.50/10万(中标率128.10/10万,世标率133.33/10万),高于女性99.74/10万(中标率74.10/10万,世标率69.42/10万)。总人群死亡前5位的恶性肿瘤依次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌和乳腺癌。Joinpoint模型拟合显示,恶性肿瘤发病率2010—2012年呈下降趋势,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而2012—2016年呈明显上升趋势,发病率平均每年增加8.9%,有统计学差异(P<0.05);死亡率自2010—2016年呈逐年递增趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论琼海市2010—2016年恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率在持续增长,存在发达国家和欠发达地区癌种并存的疾病负担。应加强乳腺癌、宫颈癌和肝癌等重要癌种的早期筛查和诊断。

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of malignant tumors in Qionghai city cancer registration areas from 2010 to 2016,and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of tumor prevention strategies and measures in Qionghai city.Methods The tumor incidence and death cases reported by the Qionghai Cancer Registry from 2010 to 2016 were collected.The crude incidence(mortality)of malignant tumors,the China standard rate,the World standard rate,the age-specific incidence(mortality),the cumulative rate(0~74 years old)were calculated.The China standard rate and World standard rate were calculated using the standard age composition of China′s standard population in 2000 and Segi′s standard population,respectively.The Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trend of malignant tumor incidence and mortality of different years old groups.Results A total of 7,119 new malignant tumor cases were collected in Qionghai city from 2010 to 2016,with an average incidence of 204.63/100,000(the China standard rate was 155.16/100,000,the World standard rate was 155.16/100,000),and the cumulative rate(0~74 years old)was 17.26%.The average incidence for male was 232.97/100,000(the China standard rate was 172.64/100,000,the World standard rate was 78.95/100,000),which was higher than female 173.02/100,000(the China standard rate was 134.90/100,000,the World standard rate was 125.27/100,000).The top 5 malignant tumors in the overall population were lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,stomach cancer and cervix cancer.A total of 4,787 deaths from malignant tumors were collected from 2010 to 2016,with an average mortality of 140.23/100,000(the China standard rate was 102.70/100,000,the World standard rate was 101.18/100,000).The cumulative rate of 0~74 years old was 11.69%.The average mortality for male was 176.50/100,000(the China standard rate was 128.10/100,000,the world standard rate was 133.33/100,000),which is higher than female 99.74/100,000(the China standard rate was 74.10/100,000,the World standard rate was 69.42/100,000).The top 5 malignant tumors in the total population were lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,stomach cancer and breast cancer.The Joinpoint model analysis showed that the incidence of malignant tumors showed a downward trend from 2010 to 2012,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05),while it showed a significant upward trend from 2012 to 2016,with an average annual increase of 8.9%in the incidence of malignant tumors,which was statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The mortality of malignant tumors had been increasing year by year from 2010 to 2016,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Qionghai city continued to increase from 2010 to 2016.There is a burden of coexistence of cancer in developed and underdeveloped areas.The early screening and diagnosis of important cancers such as breast cancer,cervical cancer and liver cancer should be strengthened.