3D打印混凝土技术的研究现状与发展趋势

A STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW OF 3D CONCRETE PRINTING TECHNIQUE

三维(3D)打印混凝土技术因数字化、自动化、智能化程度高等优势成为智慧建造的主要手段。介绍混凝土3D打印技术的基本原理和相关工艺,然后对3D打印混凝土材料性能需求、硬化混凝土力学性能、混凝土钢筋布置技术、结构层次受力性能和建造实例等方面的国内外研究现状进行对比分析和国内外混凝土3D打印设备调研总结。最后,对3D打印混凝土技术的研究进行了展望,包括:含粗骨料的混凝土3D打印、打印混凝土配合比设计、组合布筋技术、混凝土3D打印技术适用性分析、现场组装式打印设备和平台集成等方面。

3D concrete printing technique has become the main means of intelligent construction because of its advantages of digitalization,automation and intelligence.The paper firstly introduced the basic principle and corresponding approaches of 3D concrete printing.A comparative analysis of domestic and foreign research on the performance requirements of fresh printable concretes,mechanical properties of hardened concrete,concrete rebar settlement technique,structural mechanical properties and construction examples was followed.In addition,a summary of domestic and foreign 3D concrete printing equipment was conducted.Finally,several future research orientations were proposed,included 3D concrete printing with coarse aggregate,mix design for 3D concrete printing,composite reinforcement arrangement technique,applicability analysis for 3D concrete printing technique,assembly printing equipment and platform integration,etc.