人力资本代际传递:父母教育与儿童健康

Intergenerational Transfers of Human Capital:Parental Education and Child Health

父母教育是子女未来获得成就的重要影响因素,而父母教育对儿童健康的影响较少受到关注。基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2010年、2012年、2014年和2016年数据,以1986年义务教育法的实施作为工具变量,分析父母教育与儿童健康的关系。结果显示:父母教育显著且稳健正向影响儿童健康,教育程度越高的父母越有利于儿童健康;父母教育会增加子女出生禀赋从而直接促进儿童健康,同时因自身收入增加而改善了子女营养状况,进而间接影响儿童健康;儿童性别、居住地也会影响父母教育对儿童健康的影响。因此,为促进儿童健康,政府应努力提高全社会的受教育程度,促进义务教育均等化,重视父母在儿童健康中发挥的作用。

Parental education is an important factor affecting children's future achievements,but less attention has been paid to the impact of parental education on children's health.Based on the data of CFPS,this paper uses the implementation of compulsory education law 1986 as an instrument to test the causal effect between parental education and child health.It is found that parental education has a significant and steady positive impact on children's health.Parental education can increase the birth endowments of children and directly promote children’s health.At the same time,because of the increase of their own income,the nutritional status of children will be improved,which will indirectly affect the health of children.Further analysis show that the gender and place of residence of children will also affect the impact of parental education on children's health.Therefore,in order to promote children?s health,the government should strive to improve the education level of the whole society,promote the equality of compulsory education,and attach importance to the role of parents in children's health.