心理距离对核电风险认知的影响研究

Effects of Psychological Distance on Nuclear Risk Perceptions

近年来,围绕核设施落地的“邻避效应”事件层出不穷,对核能的发展带来了极大的负面作用。与核设施的距离无疑是影响公众风险认知的重要因素。在前人的研究中,关于距离如何影响风险认知的实证研究出现了不一致的结论,进一步探索其原因对能源政策的制定具有重要的意义。本文基于心理距离理论,从空间距离、社会距离、时间距离和概率距离四个维度探究了不同距离维度对风险认知的影响。调查收集了核电厂当地样本(N=184份)和全国样本(N=817份)共1001份。结果表明:核电厂当地居民的风险认知显著低于全国性样本;时间距离、社会距离、概率距离对风险认知有负向影响。

Recently,the Not-In-My-Backyard(NIMBY)events about the construction of nuclear facilities happened in China,which impeded the development of nuclear energy.The distance is undoubtedly an im⁃portant factor affecting public nuclear power risk perceptions.In previous research,the empirical studies on how distance influenced risk perceptions had come to different conclusions.Further exploration of its causes is of great significance to energy policy.Based on the psychological distance theory,this paper divided dis⁃tance into the four dimensions:spatial distance,social distance,temporal distance and hypotheticality to ex⁃plore the effects of psychological distance on risk perceptions.An empirical study was conducted and a total of 1001 samples including site-specific samples(N=184)and national samples(N=817)were collected for the survey.The results showed that the site-specific samples’risk perceptions were significantly lower than the national samples’risk perceptions,temporal distance,social distance and hypotheticality had a signifi⁃cant and negative impact on risk perceptions.