国内外杂环芳纶的结构及性能分析

Analysis of structures and properties of representative heterocyclic aramid fibers in China and abroad

对国内外代表性杂环芳纶如国内的芙丝特、F358、F368、F12和国外的APMOC进行了系统对比分析,研究了纤维的结构与性能。结果表明:杂环芳纶的力学性能较好,其中F358的干纱和浸胶丝的力学性能最好,F368和F12的次之,其力学性能基本处于同一水平,APMOC的干纱力学性能较低,但其浸胶丝的拉伸强度最高;芙丝特的干纱强度和浸胶丝强度和断裂伸长率均最低;杂环芳纶的耐热性较高,起始热分解温度达到500℃以上,800℃时的残炭率约为60%;杂环芳纶都引入了苯并咪唑杂环结构,但APMOC主要呈现非晶态,国内的杂环芳纶呈现结晶态,其中F358的结晶度和取向度相对较高;杂环芳纶的表面有不同程度的缺陷,其中,芙丝特的表面较为光滑,F358和F368纤维表面具有较为明显的细小沟槽,APMOC和F12纤维表面有一定程度的撕裂。

Several commercial heterocyclic aramid fiber products,namely First Fiber,F358,F368,F12 in China and APMOC abroad,were systematically compared and analyzed.The structures and properties of the fibers were studied.The results showed that heterocyclic aramid fibers had relatively good mechanical properties,among which F358 was the best in the mechanical properties of dry yarn and impregnated yarn,followed by F368 and F12 basically at the same level,APMOC provided the poor mechanical properties of dry yarn,but the highest tensile strength of impregnated yarn;First Fiber provided the lowest strength of dry yarn and the lowest strength and elongation at break of impregnated yarn;heterocyclic aramid fiber had relatively high heat resistance with the initial thermal decomposition temperature above 500℃and the carbon residue rate about 60%at 800℃;heterocyclic aramid fibers had been introduced with benzimidazole heterocyclic structure,but APMOC was mainly amorphous,while the heterocyclic aramid fibers in China were mainly crystalline,among which F358 had relatively high crystallinity and degree of orientation;the surface of heterocyclic aramid fibers had different degrees of defects,among which First Fiber had smooth surface,F358 and F368 fibers had obvious fine grooves on the surface,APMOC and F12 fibers had a certain degree of tear on the surface.