朱鹤龄《杜工部诗集辑注》的发轫——以《秋日读书寓园成〈杜诗辨注〉述怀一百韵敬呈同好诸公》为中心

On the Beginning of Zhu Heling’s Annotation to the Collection of Du Fu’s Poems-Focusing on“My Annotation on Du Fu’s poem after Autumn Reading at Yu Yuan”

南京图书馆所藏徐树丕稿本《杜诗执鞭录》中的《秋日读书寓园成〈杜诗辨注〉述怀一百韵敬呈同好诸公》,实为朱鹤龄《愚庵小集》中《秋日述怀二十四韵》未删之原稿。通过此诗提供的原始信息可知,朱鹤龄于甲申(1644)之秋已经完成一部名为《杜诗辨注》的注杜初稿。从《杜诗辨注》的草创,到《杜工部诗集辑注》最终成书,前后经历了二十七年的漫长历程。朱鹤龄将一百韵原诗进行大幅删削的原因,除了诗中涉及南明弘光朝等“违碍”内容之外,还由于他在“钱、朱注杜公案”中屡受诽谤和攻击,多年以来背负着巨大的舆论压力,故其晚年不愿再触碰注杜的话题,从中亦可管窥朱鹤龄数十年间注杜心态的极大变化。

In the manuscript of Xu Shupi’s Dushi Zhibianlu in Nanjing Library,“My Annotation on Du Fu’s poem after Autumn Reading at Yu Yuan”is actually Zhu Heling’s“Twenty-Four Rhymes in Autumn Days”in his A Collection of Yu’an.Judging from the original information in that poem,Zhu Heling had already completed the first draft of Annotation of Du Fu’s Poems in the autumn of Jiashen(1644).It has gone through a long journey of twenty-seven years from the initial version of Annotation of Du Fu’s Poems to the final completion of Annotation to the Collection of Du Fu’s Poems.Zhu Heling drastically deleted one hundred rhymed verses not only because of the improper content of those verses,but also due to repeated slander and attacks in the case of Qian’s and Zhu’s annotation on Du Fu’s poems.Years of huge pressure from the public caused his alienation from Du Fu’s poems in his later years.From this,one can also see the huge changes in Zhu Heling’s mentality in commenting on Du Fu’s poems over the decades.