Caspase-3和Bcl-2表达与乳腺癌细胞凋亡及其临床病理特征的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 Expression with Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis and Its Clinicopathological Characteristics

目的探讨Caspase-3和Bcl-2的表达与乳腺癌细胞凋亡及其临床病理特征的相关性。方法选取收治的89例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,另选取56例非肿瘤性邻近乳腺的蛋白表达进行对比分析,利用细胞凋亡易感性(CAS)基因、caspase-3、Bcl-2的特异性抗体,检测肿瘤组织与非肿瘤性邻近乳腺的蛋白表达,以进行比较。结果乳腺癌组织中CAS、aspase-3、Bcl-2蛋白表达与非肿瘤组织中蛋白表达差异显著(P<0.05)。且在乳腺肿瘤萎缩(n=24)、单纯增生(n=10)和复杂增生(n=22)的病例中,caspase-3(P=0.003)和Bax(P=0.04)的表达水平低于癌细胞,而Bcl-2的表达水平差异无统计学意义(P=0.32);CAS、Bcl-2、Bax和caspase-3在不同年龄患者中无显著差异(P>0.05),CAS和Bcl-2在低分化患者中表达阳性率显著高于高、中分化患者,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者显著高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者(P<0.05),caspase-3低分化患者显著低于高、中分化,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者显著低于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者(P<0.05)。CAS标本中<10%细胞阳性表达例数萎缩性组、单存增生组、复杂增生和乳腺癌组对比差异显著(P<0.05)。Bcl-2标本中<10%细胞阳性表达例数萎缩性组、单存增生组、复杂增生和乳腺癌组对比无显著差异(P>0.05),caspases-3标本中<10%细胞阳性表达例数萎缩性组、单存增生组、复杂增生和乳腺癌组对比差异显著(P<0.05);采用Cox比例风险模型,FIGO分期(P<0.0001)、肿瘤分级(P=0.001)和组织学类型(P=0.001)是独立的预后因素。结论CAS、Bcl-2和caspase-3在从单纯增生到复杂增生到癌的增殖和凋亡的进行性调控中起着重要作用。此外,CAS和caspase-3蛋白水平可能是预测乳腺癌患者预后的相关指标。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 and breast cancer cell apoptosis and its clinicopathological characteristics.Methods 89 cases of breast cancer patients were selected as the research object,and 56 cases of non tumor adjacent breast protein expression were compared and analyzed.The protein expression of tumor tissue and non tumor adjacent breast were detected by using the specific antibody of apoptosis susceptibility(CAS)gene,caspase-3 and bcl-2.Results The expressions of CAS,aspase-3,and Bcl-2 proteins in breast cancer tissues were significantly different from those in non-tumor tissues(P<0.05).Moreover,in the cases of breast tumor atrophy(n=24),simple hyperplasia(n=10)and complex hyperplasia(n=22),the expression levels of Caspase-3(P=0.003)and Bax(P=0.04)were lower than those of cancer cells,while there was no statistically significant difference in the expression level of Bcl-2(P=0.32);CAS,Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3 were not significantly different in patients of different ages(P>0.05);the positive rate of CAS and Bcl-2 expression in poorly differentiated patients was significantly higher than that in high and moderately differentiated patients,and patients in stageⅢ~Ⅳwere significantly higher than those in stageⅠ~Ⅱ(P<0.05);the poorly differentiated caspase-3 patients were significantly lower than the high and moderately differentiated patients,and the patients with stageⅢ~Ⅳwere significantly lower than those with stageⅠ~Ⅱ(P<0.05);the number of positive expression cases of<10%cells in CAS samples was significantly different(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the number of cases of positive expression of less than 10%Bcl-2 cells in atrophic group,solitary hyperplasia group,complex hyperplasia group and breast cancer group(P>0.05),while the number of cases of<10%positive expression in caspases-3 samples was significantly different(P<0.05);the Cox proportional hazard model was used,FIGO staging(P<0.0001)and tumor score were used Grade(P=0.001)and histological type(P=0.001)were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion CAS,Bcl-2 and caspase-3 play an important role in the progressive regulation of proliferation and apoptosis from simple hyperplasia to complex hyperplasia to cancer.In addition,CAS and caspase-3 protein levels may be related indicators for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer patients.