建设国内统一大市场:影响因素与政策选择

Determinants and Policy Options of the Establishment of Large Unified Domestic Market

尽快形成统一、开放、竞争和有序的国内大市场,是构建双循环新发展格局的基础和前提。当前要素市场发育程度大大落后于商品市场,阻碍因素主要有纵向政府治理、横向政府治理和企业市场势力等三方面。其中,纵向政府治理阻碍统一市场形成的深层次原因,主要在于中国以赶超西方国家为目标的现代化进程还在进行中,赶超型体制中的增长追赶战略,需要更多地发挥政府有形的手的作用;而横向地方政府治理阻碍国内统一大市场形成的原因,则在于中国地方政府在市场化取向改革中,形成了较为严重的公司化倾向,地方政府主导性产业政策成为了分割市场的手段和工具。为此,需要从规模建设、结构建设、功能建设、机制建设、组织建设、空间建设以及环境建设等七个方面,探索国内统一大市场建设的路径和政策选择。

The basis and prerequisite for building a new "dual circulation" development pattern is to form a large open, competitive and orderly unified domestic market as soon as possible. At present, the development of factor markets lags far behind that of commodity markets, and the barriers are mainly vertical government governance, horizontal government governance and corporate market power. The reason why vertical government governance hinders the formation of a unified market lies mainly in the fact that China’s modernisation process is aiming to catch up with Western countries, and the growth catch-up strategy requires more power of the government’ s visible hand;while the reason why horizontal local government governance hinders the formation of a large unified domestic market lies in the fact that China’s local governments, in the face of market-oriented reforms, are running with entrepreneurial approaches, and local government-led industrial policies are becoming a tool to carve up the market. This paper discusses the path and policy options for the construction of a unified domestic market from seven aspects: scale,structure, function, mechanism, organisation, space and environment.