科技企业孵化器生态位的理论研究与实证分析

Theoretical Research and Empirical Analysis on the Niche of Science and Technology Business Incubator

基于对以科技企业孵化器为核心的创业生态系统分析,探索科技企业孵化器生态位的内涵,从经济、人才技术和社会资源3个维度构建科技企业孵化器生态位评价指标体系,对我国30个省份科技企业孵化器发展水平进行实证分析。结果表明:各省份科技企业孵化器综合生态位排名的空间分布格局与其经济水平的空间分布格局基本一致,均为由东部沿海、中部至西部依次降低;各省份科技企业孵化器由于发展的资源基础和起步时间不同,态值差异远大于势值差异,在经济维度的差异更为显著;根据不同生态因子,我国科技企业孵化器可划分为5类且各具特征。最后对我国科技企业孵化器未来发展提出建议:持续推动创业孵化生态不断优化,充分发掘利用本地资源禀赋,抓重点、差异化全面提高孵化器发展水平,以及在融合共生中共同发展等。

Based on the analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystem with technology business incubator as the core,this paper explores the connotation of technology business incubator niche,constructs the evaluation index system of technology business incubator niche from three dimensions of economy,talent technology and social resources,and empirical analyzes the development level of technology business incubators in 30 provinces of China.The results show that the spatial distribution pattern of the comprehensive niche ranking of technology business incubators in various provinces is basically consistent with the spatial distribution pattern of the economic level,which decreases from the east coast,central to the west of China;due to different resource foundation and starting time of the development of technology business incubators,the difference in status value is far greater than in potential value,and the difference in economic dimension is more significant;and according to different ecological factors,China’s technology business incubators can be divided into 5 categories with their own characteristics.Finally,the paper puts forward suggestions for the future development of China’s technology business incubators as follows:continue to promote the continuous optimization of the entrepreneurial incubation ecosystem,fully explore and utilize local resource endowments,focus on key points,differentiate and comprehensively improve the development level of incubators,and develop together in integration and symbiosis.