吴鞠通寒湿理论在呼吸系统疾病运用探析

Study on The Application of WU Ju-tong's Cold and Dampness Theory in Respiratory Disease

通过系统总结吴鞠通《温病条辨》的寒湿理论,认为寒湿疾病的病因与发病强调内生寒湿与外感寒湿同气相求,合邪致病,病机演变为易损人体三焦阳气,导致阳气虚损,寒饮内停。治疗寒湿疾病当时时顾护心脾肾阳气,给予宣肺化湿、健脾渗湿、通小便利湿等多种方法,使阳气恢复而寒湿倶去。后期变证有寒化热化、伤气伤血等多种变化,皆具有湿邪黏滞而不易速愈的特性,临床治疗当细心分辨,精心诊治。临证若寒湿外感侵犯人体卫表和经络肌肉用桂枝姜附汤治疗;寒湿不解、湿郁化热成为热饮用麻杏石甘汤治疗;寒湿咳嗽用杏仁薏苡汤治疗;寒湿咳喘用小青龙汤加减治疗;寒湿支饮可用葶苈大枣泻肺汤治疗。吴鞠通寒湿理论可广泛用于寒湿引起的感冒、咳嗽、咳喘、支饮和痰热咳喘等疾病,对于上呼吸道感染、哮喘、肺炎、肺心病急性发作以及寒湿疫病多种呼吸系统疾病的治疗具有指导作用。

The theory of cold and dampness is systematically summarized in Wen Bing Tiao Bian by WU Jutong,a famous scientist of Epidemic Febrile Diseases.It is believed that the pathogenesis of cold-dampness disease emphasizes that endogenous cold-dampness and exogenous cold-dampness are combined with pathogenic factors,which evolved into vulnerable human triple energizer Yang Qi and lead to Yang deficiency and cold fluid staying inside.Attention was paid to protecting the heart,spleen and kidney Yang Qi when treating cold and damp diseases.It can restore Yang-Qi and remove cold-dampness by giving a variety of methods such as dispersing lung-Qi and removing dampness,invigorating the spleen,removing urine and facilitating dampness,etc.Late cold and damp can change to cold and heat,and hurt Qi and blood,all of them have the characteristics of damp evil,which is not easy to cure and sticky.Clinical treatment should be careful differentiation,careful diagnosis and treatment.If cold and dampness exogenous invasion of the human body surface and meridian,Guizhi Jiangfu decoction was used;If cold and damp were not be dismissed,and became to hot fluid,with Maxing Shigan decoction treatment;Cold and damp cough,with Xingren Yiyi decoction treatment;Cold Dampness cough asthma,with small Qinglong decoction treatment;Cold and damp thoracic fluid retention,treatment with Tingli Dazao Xiefei decoction.The theory of cold and dampness can be widely used to treat diseases such as cold,cough,cough with dyspnea and cough with cold and dampness.The theory also guides the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection,asthma,pneumonia,acute attacks of pulmonary heart disease,and epidemic disease of cold and dampness.