中医鼻疗预防疫病应用评述

Review on The Application of Chinese Medicine Nasal Therapy in The Prevention of Epidemic Diseases

疫病是一种具有强烈传染性且广泛流行性的疾病。历代医家在实践中积累了丰富的疫病防治经验,预防疫病的方法十分丰富。鼻疗作为一种预防疫病的外治方法,将药物作用于鼻部,防止疫疠之气通过口鼻侵犯人体,或将邪气祛除体外以达到预防疫病的目的。本文通过分析相关古籍文献,对中医预防疫病的鼻疗方法进行了系统梳理,认为鼻通过经脉与五脏六腑相连,是疫疠之气侵犯人体的首要通道,通过刺激鼻部可防止疫厉之气侵袭人体或驱邪外出。气味芳香类中药能够辟秽解毒,是鼻疗预防疫病的理论基础。涂鼻、塞鼻、鼻嗅等是鼻疗的主要方法,取嚏是芳香避秽的取效途径。结合现代研究成果深入分析鼻疗预防疫病的优势和特点,对预防新型冠状病毒肺炎等突发流行传染性疾病具有积极意义。

Epidemic disease is a kind of disease with strong infectivity and epidemicity. The doctors have accumulated experience in preventing and treating disease, and the methods of disease prevention are very rich. Nasal therapy, as an external treatment method to prevent epidemic diseases, applies Chinese herbal medicine on the nose to prevent the virus from invading the human body through the mouth and nose, or to remove the virus from the body. By consulting and combing the relevant literatures and classical works, this paper has the following understandings about the prevention of epidemic disease by nasal therapy of traditional Chinese medicine: The nose is connected to the internal organs of the body through the meridians, and is the primary channel through which the epidemic virus invades the human body.By stimulating the nose, it can prevent the virus from invading the human body;the Chinese herbal medicine with aromatic odor can remove filth and toxin, which are the theoretical basis of nasal therapy to prevent epidemic disease;the primary methods of nasal therapy include nasal smearing, nasal obstruction, nasal smell and so on, and sneezing is the key process of acquiring effectiveness. The advantages and characteristics of nasal therapy in epidemic prevention should be understood combinated with various aspects of modern studies, which has a positive significance for the prevention of epidemic infectious diseases such as COVID-19.