儿童脑瘫性髋关节疾病的发病机制与临床评价

Pathogenesis and clinical evaluations of hip disease in children with cerebral palsy

髋关节不稳定、髋关节半脱位和髋关节完全脱位,是脑性瘫痪儿童最多见的肢体畸形之一,其发病率高达35%。本文以系统复习新近的相关文献为基础,着重描述脑性瘫痪儿童股骨近端和髋臼发育异常的发生机制、自然病史演变过程以及引发髋关节移位的危险因素,详尽介绍髋关节移位的X线测量方法及诊断标准,目的是为矫形外科医师提供最新的理论知识和实用的评价技术。

Hip displacement is one of most common deformities in children with cerebral palsy(CP),with an incidence rate of approximately 35%.This review described the pathophysiology,natural history of development hip dysplasia,and risk factors of hip subluxation and dislocation in children with CP through recent literature reviews.Meanwhile,radiographic measurement and diagnosis standard of hip displacement were also elaborated to provide latest theories and practical evaluation techniques of hip displacement for orthopedist.