占有性个人主义批判与构建人类命运共同体

Criticism of Possessive Individualism and Construction of a Community of Human Destiny

现代西方政治理论内蕴占有性个人主义的主张,占有性个人主义成就了西方现代自由民主理论,同时也带来了现代性的困境。占有性个人与共同体的抽象对立是现代性危机的重要根源。占有性个人以市场为战场,无限度、不计后果地追逐个人私利,造成人与人之间关系的对立和冲突;占有性个人为了满足自我的贪欲,无限度地剥夺自然,造成了人与自然关系的危机;占有性个人把个体置于共同体之上,把共同体视为实现私利的手段,造成了人类共同感的缺失。而构建人类命运共同体是应对占有性个人主义引发的现代性危机的合理价值方案,它主张化“我”为“我们”,重建人类的共同感,构建人类的道德秩序,实现一种良善发展。

Modern western political theory contains the idea of possessive individualism. Possessive individualism has made western modern freedom theory, but it also brings about the dilemma of modernity. Taking the market as the battlefield, the possessive individual pursues personal interests indefinitely, resulting in the opposition between people. In order to satisfy greed, possessive individuals deprive nature to an unlimited extent, leading to ecological crisis. Possessive individuals put individuals on the community, and regard society as a tool to realize private interests, which leads to the lack of human common sense. Building of a community of Human Destiny is a reasonable value solution to the crisis of modernity caused by possessive individualism.