“孤独症基于”:“Autism”内涵流变证据的本土译名

“Gudu Zheng”:A Local Translation Based on the Evidence of the Evolution of the Connotation of“Autism”

针对存在“孤独症”和“自闭症”两种译名的现实,本文立足“Autism”内涵的流变,从译名历史、医学概念和文化诠释三个维度,重新审视了“孤独症”作为术语译名的合理性。从术语译名的历史看,“孤独症”是“Autism”的本土规范译名,具有自创性、权威性和官方性的特征;从医学概念上看,“Autism”已被认定为一种生物性的神经发育障碍,而不具有主动自我封闭的含义;从文化诠释上看,神经多样性的视角要求以更加积极的态度看待“Autism”,将之视为一种文化差异。因此,基于求真、求善和保持文化主体性的原则,有必要重申“孤独症”作为本土规范译名的地位,推进术语译名的统一使用。

Given the reality that there are two translations,“Gudu Zheng”and“Zibi Zheng”of autism,this article re-examines the rationality of the translated term“Gudu Zheng”based on the evolution of the connotation of“autism”,from three dimensions of translation history,medical concept and cultural interpretations.According to the history of term translation,“Gudu Zheng”is the local normative translation of“autism”,which is original,authoritative and official;as a medical concept,“autism”has been recognized as a kind of biological Neurodevelopmental disorder and does not have the meaning of active self-enclosure;from the cultural interpretation,the perspective of neurodiversity requires a more positive attitude towards“autism”,which is regarded as a cultural difference.Therefore,based on the principles of seeking truth,goodness and maintaining cultural subjectivity,it is necessary to reaffirm the status of“Gudu Zheng”as the local normative translation and promote the unified use of term translation.