NLRP3炎症小体在肾脏疾病中的作用机制与干预策略

Mechanism and intervention of NLRP3 inflammasome in renal diseases

NOD样受体家族核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体3(NLRP3)炎症小体是胞质中的一种多蛋白复合体,由NLRP3、凋亡相关的斑点样蛋白(ASC)及半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)组成,可识别病原微生物感染或细胞损伤信号,启动固有免疫应答,促进炎症反应.随着对炎症小体的深入研究发现,NLRP3炎症小体活化失调与肾脏疾病密切相关.有研究显示,以BAY11-7082、MCC950为代表的小分子化合物抑制剂可通过减轻炎性反应而改善肾脏损伤.此外,一些口服中药、中药复方及中药提取物在一定程度上也能经过多种途径干预NLRP3炎症小体的活化,达到治疗肾脏疾病的目的.因此,针对肾脏疾病中NLRP3炎症小体相关的作用机制及其干预性的研究可能是今后重点发展的方向之一.

The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome is a multi-protein complex in the cytoplasm,which is composed of NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC)and Caspase-1.It can initiate an innate immune response by recognizing pathogenic microbial infection or cell damage signals,thereby promoting an inflammatory response.With the in-depth study of inflammasomes,it has been found that the imbalance of NLRP3 inflammasome activation is closely related to renal related diseases.Studies have shown that small molecule compound inhibitors represented by BAY11-7082 and MCC950 can improve kidney damage by reducing the inflammatory response.Moreover,some oral traditional Chinese medicines,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and traditional Chinese medicine extracts can also intervene the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through a variety of ways to achieve the purpose of treating renal diseases.Therefore,the research on the mechanism and intervention of NLRP3 inflammasome in renal disease may be one of the key development directions in the future.