俄罗斯缓和医疗领域的基本法及其启示

Basic Laws on Palliative Care in Russia and Its Enlightenment

伴随世界范围内的人口老龄化趋势,及慢性病和癌症发病率不断升高,缓和医疗需求量迅速增长。俄罗斯为解决其缓和医疗体系所存在的问题,对其公民健康保护领域的基本法中有关缓和医疗的内容进行了补充和修订,以提升身患不可治愈性疾病公民的缓和医疗保障程度与质量,使之能够在生命最后阶段保持人的尊严、保证生活质量。在社会老龄化程度、疾病谱改变等方面,我国与俄罗斯有着极高的相似度,但缓和医疗却起步晚、发展慢,在立法领域存在大量空白,故在缓和医疗法律法规建设方面,俄罗斯的举措对我国有极为重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。

With the aging of population worldwide and the increasing incidence of chronic diseases and cancer,the demand for palliative care is growing rapidly.In order to solve the problems existing in the palliative care system,the Russian government has supplemented and revised its basic law on palliative care in the area of health protection for citizens to improve the level and quality of palliative care for citizens suffering from incurable diseases,so that they can maintain human dignity and ensure the quality of life at the end of life.China and Russia share a very high degree of similarity in aging degree and the changes of disease spectrum,but the palliative care started late and developed slowly,and there are a lot of gaps in the field of legislation in China.Therefore,in the construction of palliative care laws and regulations,Russia's measures have extremely important reference value and significance for China.